Child labor

Details

• Personal Author:
  Belville R ; Godbold JH ; Landrigan, Philip J. ; Pollack SH
• Description:
  Child labor is defined as the paid employment of children younger than 18 years of age. It is common in American society.(1) According to the US Department of Labor, more than 4 million children were legally employed in 1988, a substantial increase from a decade earlier.(2) Illegal child labor is widespread, and at least one million children are employed under unlawful conditions. Despite the common belief that the problem of illegal child labor was remedied long ago, the practice has persisted in the United States and appears to be on the rise.(2,3) Child labor is also a major problem internationally.(4-7) According to the International Labour Office (ILO), at least 200 million children under the age of 14 are employed worldwide. In some countries, children constitute 15% to 25% of the total work force. Children are employed as rug weavers in the Middle East, as underground tin miners in South America, and as metal workers, fireworks makers, textile weavers, and glass blowers in other countries. In virtually all countries, child labor is associated with poverty, inadequate educational opportunities, and failure to enforce relevant laws and standards. Particularly severe abuses have been documented in so-called free enterprise zones, special industrial areas such as along the Mexico-United States border, where relaxation has been permitted in the enforcement of labor and environmental laws.(4) [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Aging Carcinogens Epidemiology Farmers Law Enforcement Mining Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Race Factors Safety

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• Keywords:
  Age-factors Age-groups Children Injury-prevention Law-enforcement Miners Occupational-exposure Occupational-hazards Racial-factors Regulations Standards Traumatic-injuries Workers

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• ISSN:
  0090-4481
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Kentucky ; New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20044299
• Citation:
  Pediatr Ann 1995 Dec; 24(12):657-662
• Contact Point Address:
  Philip J. Landigran, MD, MSc, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1996
• Performing Organization:
  Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19891201
• Source Full Name:
  Pediatric Annals
• End Date:
  19911130
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:96d661401520e95d5dfc48c0929ace77453398a450fa4f9b63dcce7860fac22afb024f4b5ec297a9a0295ee638fecf32e8e3573040ad9971348817733f3f47d5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/200035/cdc_200035_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 790.89 KB ]