Is neuroimmune crosstalk important to neurotoxicology? Critical insight from animal and human studies

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brown TA ; McLoughlin CE
• Description:
  Convincing evidence of bidirectional communication between the immune system and the nervous system has led to a paradigm shift in our understanding of neuroimmune interactions. Emerging evidence establishes a role for immune signaling in key neurodevelopmental events. Additional evidence suggests immune system contribution to neuronal responses in the form of neuroprotection and repair of tissue injury, as well as in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disease. Simultaneously, neurons may actively participate in immune responses in the nervous system by signaling to resident and infiltrating immune cells. The net result of the neuroimmune crosstalk depends on the balance between protective and destructive signaling pathways. There is increasing consensus that exposure to neurotoxicants may tip this balance towards a more disruptive outcome and augment the risk and/or severity of disease. How the immune system can act as a mediator/modulator of neurotoxicity remains elusive. Understanding gained by investigation into neuroimmune interactions will guide improvement of disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. This session will present evidence of neuroimmune perturbations in human studies and animal models of neurotoxicant exposure. Evidence from human studies will focus on immune alterations following developmental neurotoxicant exposure in children with documented neurological deficits and in a pediatric population with autism spectrum disorders. Supporting data from animal models will focus on peripheral immune alterations and neuroinflammation following developmental or adult nervous system insult. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biomarkers Immune System Men Nervous System Occupational Health Pathology Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Toxicology Women

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Cell-damage Cell-function Cellular-function Diseases Exposure-levels Humans Immune-system Immunology Nervous-system Neurotoxicology Neurotoxins Pathogenesis Risk-factors

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  138
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20043899
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2014 Mar; 138(1):186
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 53rd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 23-27, 2014, Phonex, Arizona
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:edcd04d6e2501f6f1f261f79e0ff43293cbadcc5f4bd4882f7d863db9fc7dd7e21a796c8b0d12c23394f8924c0da95acff34312f6d043109901b33f4fbc68bb9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199771/cdc_199771_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 228.19 KB ]