The Upper Airway Response to Pollen Is Enhanced by Exposure to Combustion Particulates: A Pilot Human Experimental Challenge Study

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• Personal Author:
  Bledsoe T ; Hauser R ; Krishna Murthy GG ; Lewis, Dick ; Paulauskis J ; Rice TM ; Wand MP
• Description:
  Although human experimental studies have shown that gaseous pollutants enhance the inflammatory response to allergens, human data on whether combustion particulates enhance the inflammatory response to allergen are limited. Therefore, we conducted a human experimental study to investigate whether combustion particulates enhance the inflammatory response to aeroallergens. "Enhancement" refers to a greater-than-additive response when combustion particulates are delivered with allergen, compared with the responses when particulates and allergen are delivered alone. Eight subjects, five atopic and three nonatopic, participated in three randomized exposure-challenge sessions at least 2 weeks apart (i.e., clean air followed by allergen, particles followed by no allergen, or particles followed by allergen). Each session consisted of nasal exposure to combustion particles (target concentration of 1.0 mg/m3) or clean air for 1 hr, followed 3 hr later by challenge with whole pollen grains or placebo. Nasal lavage was performed immediately before particle or clean air exposure, immediately after exposure, and 4, 18 and 42 hr after pollen challenge. Cell counts, differentials, and measurement of cytokines were performed on each nasal lavage. In atopic but not in nonatopic subjects, when allergen was preceded by particulates, there was a significant enhancement immediately after pollen challenge in nasal lavage leukocytes and neutrophils (29.7 × 10(3) cells/mL and 25.4 ×10(3) cells/mL, respectively). This represents a 143% and 130% enhancement, respectively. The enhanced response for interleukin-4 was 3.23 pg/mL (p = 0.06), a 395% enhancement. In atopic subjects there was evidence of an enhanced response when particulates, as compared to clean air, preceded the allergen challenge [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Hypersensitivity Nose Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Hypersensitivity Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Sense Organs
• Keywords:
  Airborne-particles Airway-obstruction Allergens Atopy Author Keywords: Allergy Cellular-reactions Combustibility Combustion-gases Combustion-products Cytokines Exposure-methods Humans Inflammatory Cells Nasal-cavity Particulates Pollutants Respiratory-hypersensitivity Respiratory-system-disorders

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• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  472-477
• Volume:
  111
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022912
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2003 Apr; 111(4):472-477
• Contact Point Address:
  R. Hauser, Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Building I, Room 1405, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA
• Email:
  rhauser@hohp.harvard.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Performing Organization:
  Haarvard School of Public Health
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20030701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• End Date:
  20050630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8dd2ffa2901f26d4d2d48fc4544e80a1ee8a29647ff01e6f0f2ddd6e02e20f063f19eca0ad7fdcb2e8a53e43d8abbc37f3b33d78fc8d3e0767d948ca9d604d5f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199527/cdc_199527_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 151.32 KB ]