Prediction of Molecular Mechanism of Skin Irritation After Acute Exposure to Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brinkley WW ; Garrett CM ; Gunasekar PG ; Kabbur MB ; McDougal JN ; Rogers JV
• Description:
  Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is an anionic surfactant, causing irritant contact dermatitis. Skin irritation by this detergent is not well understood due to the complex molecular interactions. Knowledge of molecular mechanisms and the relationship between duration of surfactant exposures on the skin and the degree of irritation is limited. Here we measured an early inflammatory mediators, interleukin 1-alpha (IL-1 ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO) and ROS in response to two different concentrations of SLS (1% and 10%)-induced irritation.The dorsal thoracic aspects of male F-344 rats were exposed to SLS for 1 hr using Hill Top Chambers. At 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after exposure, skin samples were processed for analysis. Western blot of 1% SLS exposed skin samples showed an increase in IL-1 protein levels from 13-37% over controls at various time points, while IL-1 in 10% SLS samples only increased by 10%. This protein induction reached a maximum at 2 hr. The change in iNOS levels in 1% SLS skin over the respective controls was comparable to change in 10% SLS exposed skin samples but occurred at 4 hours. However, NO levels showed a different response. Like NOS protein level in 1% SLS exposed samples, NO level increases peaked at 4 hr after beginning of exposure. In 10% exposed samples NO level peaked at 1 hr after exposure and gradually decreased. There was a significant generation of ROS seen in 1% SLS exposed skin, which reflects the damaging effects on the skin. The reduced level of thiol further strengthens the potential association of oxidative stress and skin damage during SLS exposures. These results suggest that the change in the levels of skin's molecular and biological response to SLS exposure explained the biochemical mechanisms associated with SLS-induced irritation. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dermatitis Detergents Laboratories Occupational Health Safety Skin Surface-Active Agents
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Cleaning-compounds Laboratory-animals Skin-irritants Skin-tests Surfactants
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  66
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022783
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2002 Mar; 66(1-S):162
• CAS Registry Number:
  Sodium dodecyl sulfate (CAS RN 151-21-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2002
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis
• Performing Organization:
  Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19980930
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 41st Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 17-21, 2002, Nashville, Tennessee
• Supplement:
  1-S
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:607602ecef451859c32ab64824968fb3f1202976c91689c9c13039ba283705c0237abd7fa6e7c2e8e7e09e2e4beaec7e1d88fc941bfee522dd9e06b5f8228575
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199430/cdc_199430_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 160.59 KB ]