In Vitro Assessment of Oxidative Stress and Cytotoxicity in Living Dermal Equivalents Exposed to M-Xylene

Details

• Personal Author:
  Coleman CA ; Hull BE ; McDougal JN ; Rogers JV
• Description:
  Dermal exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) can lead to irritation, inflammation, and cytotoxicity in vivo. Using an improved in vitro exposure method for VOCs, we wanted to assess oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in dermal fibroblasts exposed to m-xylene. Dermal equivalents containing 2.5x105 cells were incubated for 1 or 4 hr in a m-xylene/culture medium mixture (range=0.5 to 11.5 g/ml m-xylene). Following exposure, cell viability (MTT assay and cellular LDH activity), cellular thiol levels, and endogenous catalase activity were measured. At 1 and 4 hr, cell viability decreased with increasing m-xylene concentration. The EC50 calculated using the MTT assay were 8.33 + 0.26 and 6.85 + 0.33 g m-xylene/g tissue at 1 and 4 hr, respectively. The EC50 at 4 hr was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the EC50 calculated from the 1 hr exposures. At 1 hr, the EC50 determined from measuring cellular LDH activity was 23.7 + 0.88 g m-xylene/g tissue. By 4 hr, the EC50 had decreased significantly (P<0.05) to 9.24 + 0.05 g m-xylene/g tissue. A temporal decrease in the levels of endogenous antioxidants (catalase and thiols) was also observed with increasing m-xylene concentration. Pretreatment of dermal equivalents with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine significantly increased (P<0.05) cell viability. These results suggest oxidative stress may promote m-xylene-induced cytotoxicity in living dermal equivalents. Moreover, these VOC-induced cellular responses could ultimately be related to actual dermal exposure scenarios. (Supported by NIOSH/CDC and AFOSR/NL) [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cytotoxins Dermatitis Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Diseases
• Keywords:
  Cytotoxicity Dermatosis Exposure-methods In-vitro-study In-vivo-study Skin-diseases Skin-disorders Skin-exposure Skin-irritants Skin-lesions Stress

  More +
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  66
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022782
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2002 Mar; 66(1-S):162
• CAS Registry Number:
  m-Xylene (CAS RN 108-38-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2002
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis
• Performing Organization:
  Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19980930
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 41st Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 17-21, 2002, Nashville, Tennessee
• Supplement:
  1-S
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a421b95c702d41eee09a13af53e8ab18540599799d7b0ddad38ac5827dd579fe6e16fe9798d5898525597ff4f10677c0134a01824dad3ce3309b7d3f0f389ab9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199429/cdc_199429_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 124.59 KB ]