Test Results with Eight Chemicals in a Drosophila-Based Developmental Toxicity Prescreen

Details

• Personal Author:
  Lynch DW
• Description:
  To further characterize the Drosophila-based prescreen to detect developmental toxicants, the following 8 chemicals were evaluated - methyl mercury chloride (MMC), methotrexate (MTX), L-phenylalanine (LPA), sodium arsenate heptahydrate (SAH), cadmium chloride (CC), vinblastine sulfate (VBS), aminopterin (APN) and mitomycin C (MC). All of the test agents are mammalian developmental toxicants and/or teratogens. One-to-three experiments, each employing multiple concentrations and including a concurrent control, were conducted with each chemical using our published protocol (Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis 11:147-173, 1991). Drosophila were exposed throughout development (egg through third instar larva) in culture vials to medium containing the test chemical. A mated, untreated, Oregon-R wild-type female (Mid-American Drosophila Stock Center, BGSU, Ohio) was added to each vial and allowed to oviposit for 20 hours, then removed. Emerging offspring were collected over 10 days, and examined microscopically (25x) for bent humeral bristles and wing blade notches, morphological defects shown to occur with an increased incidence in flies exposed to developmental toxicants. In each experiment, the incidence of the two defects at each concentration was compared to the controls using chi-square. In cases where replicate data were available at a given concentration, incidence data were also pooled and compared to the pooled controls. The incidence of bent humeral bristles was statistically increased (p<0.05) in flies exposed to MMC, LPA, SAH, CC, VBS, and MC. VBS also statistically increased (p<0.05) the incidence of eye defects. The incidence of wing blade defects was statistically increased (p<0.05) in flies exposed to MTX and APN. These results with 8 diverse chemicals provide additional support for increased utilization of this assay as a prescreen for the detection of developmental toxicants. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Carcinogens Hazardous Substances Laboratories Mutagens Occupational Health Safety Teratogenesis
• Keywords:
  Carcinogenesis Exposure-levels Laboratory-testing Mutagenesis Teratogens Toxins
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022679
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2003 Mar; 72(S-1):247
• CAS Registry Number:
  Aminopterin (CAS RN 54-62-6) ; Cadmium chloride (CAS RN 10108-64-2) ; Methotrexate (CAS RN 59-05-2) ; Methyl chloride (CAS RN 74-87-3) ; Methylmercury chloride (CAS RN 115-09-3) ; Mitomycin C (CAS RN 50-07-7) ; Sodium arsenate heptahydrate (CAS RN 10048-95-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 42nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, Cutting-Edge Science, Networking, New Perspectives, March 9-13, 2003, Salt Lake City, Utah
• Supplement:
  1
• End Date:
  20040930
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:01a7112a0c44d8eecf3e6fe5fd844acd5f7ed9b67f056d1f9418f2ef05c685a3e5816fe1c8546cbb7645a98778a523793609ce485ff8671fd2952adfa33fdd99
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199371/cdc_199371_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 51.40 KB ]