Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP) on Immune Responses: Contribution of the Organic Component

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Lewis, Daniel M. ; Ma J ; Saxena QB ; Saxena RK ; Siegel, Paul D. ; Castranova, Vincent ; Lewis, Daniel M. ; Ma J ; Saxena QB ; Saxena RK ; Siegel, Paul D.
• Description:
  The effect of DEP exposure on innate, cellular and humoral pulmonary immunity has been studied using rat, mouse and cell culture models. DEP consist of a complex mixture of petrochemical-derived organics on a carbon core and are regarded as major components of particulate urban air pollution. The alveolar macrophage is considered a key cellular component in pulmonary innate immunity. DEP and DEP organic extracts have been found to suppress alveolar macrophage cytokine (IL-1, TNF-alpha) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses to lipopolysaccharide. DEP depressed clearance of Listeria monocytogenes and INFgamma-dependent clearance of BCG in a mouse model. INFgamma-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production was suppressed by DEP and DEP organic extract in vitro. Further fractionation of the DEP extract suggests that this activity was predominately in polyaromatic containing and more polar (resin) fractions. Organic-stripped DEP did not alter these innate pulmonary immune responses. The contribution of the organic component of DEP is less well defined with respect to acquired and humoral immunity. Indeed, both DEP and carbon black enhanced humoral immune responses (specific IgE and IgG) in an ovalbumin sensitized rat model. It is concluded from a review of the literature and the present work that both the particulate and adsorbed organics may contribute to DEP mediated immune alterations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Air Pollution, Indoor Animals Immune System Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  Air-quality Animal-studies Diesel-exhausts Immune-reaction In-vitro-study Laboratory-animals Models Oxides Pollutants Pulmonary-system
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022673
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2003 Mar; 72(S-1):227
• CAS Registry Number:
  Nitric oxide (CAS RN 10102-43-9) ; Nitric oxide (CAS RN 10102-43-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 42nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, Cutting-Edge Science, Networking, New Perspectives, March 9-13, 2003, Salt Lake City, Utah
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:63340fa60cef92cfb572d8f84e680a6cb54950ed0dc4fbfae8c0a34d215f731f03af4c78019fab400125c7aa8a5389bcda3fe249ae13e8fa9f24c7cdd99b2157
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199367/cdc_199367_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 56.27 KB ]