Pulmonary Inflammation and Crystalline Silica in Respirable Coal Mine Dust: Dose-Response

Details

• Personal Author:
  Attfield MD ; Castranova, Vincent ; Hale, Janet M. ; Kuempel, Eileen D. ; Lapp, N. Leroy ; Smith RJ ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  This study describes the quantitative relationships between early pulmonary responses and the estimated lung-burden or cumulative exposure of respirable-quartz or coal mine dust. Data from a previous bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) study in coal miners (n = 20) and nonminers (n = 16) were used including cell counts of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Miners' individual working lifetime particulate exposures were estimated from work histories and mine air sampling data, and quartz lung-burdens were estimated using a lung dosimetry model. Results show that quartz, as either cumulative exposure or estimated lung-burden, was a highly statistically significant predictor of PMN response (P < 0.0001); however cumulative coal dust exposure did not significantly add to the prediction of PMNs (P = 0.2) above that predicted by cumulative quartz exposure (P < 0.0001). Despite the small study size, radiographic category was also significantly related to increasing levels of both PMNs and quartz lung burden (P-values < 0.04). SOD in BAL fluid rose linearly with quartz lung burden (P < 0.01), but AM count in BAL fluid did not (P > 0.4). This study demonstrates dose-response relationships between respirable crystalline silica in coal mine dust and pulmonary inflammation, antioxidant production, and radiographic small opacities. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Coal Coal Mining Dust Fibrosis Irritants Lung Lung Diseases Mining Neoplasms Occupational Health Quartz Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Bronchoalveolar Lavage Coal-workers Coal-workers-pneumoconiosis Coal Dust Crystalline Silica Dose-response Dust-inhalation In-vitro-studies Lung-cancer Lung-disease Lung-irritants Mineral-dusts Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-system-disorders Pulmonary Inflammation Quartz-dust Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Silica-dusts Silicosis

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• ISSN:
  0250-5991
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  61-69
• Volume:
  28
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022589
• Citation:
  J Biosci 2003 Feb; 28(1):61-69
• Contact Point Address:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Education and Information Division, Risk Evaluation Branch, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998
• Email:
  ekuempel@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures ; Research Tools and Approaches: Risk Assessment Methods
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Biosciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d2caad0791d10238198ca9b00939e0433c055852413ebe85e5020d80ab2743c3b69b254965ffcca9616c4315d0fa2dc5bd83c518c8652450d774ed06c89c011b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199317/cdc_199317_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 172.41 KB ]