Ambient Aerosol Expsoure-Response as a Function of Particulate Surface Area: Reinterpretation of Historical Data Using Numerical Modelling

Details

• Personal Author:
  Maynard AD ; Maynard RL ; Maynard AD ; Maynard RL
• Description:
  It has been hypothesized that the curvilinear response between British Smoke (BS) and excess mortality in London between 1958 and 1972 may be attributable to a linear response with respect to particulate number or surface area concentration. A numerical model has been developed and used to derive relationships between aerosol number, surface area and mass concentration under idealized environmental conditions. Modeling demonstrates that for a constant aerosol generation rate and rapid mixing, generalized functions can be derived that describe particle number versus mass concentration, and surface area versus mass concentration. The results indicate that the epidemiology data do not support a linear association between particle number concentration and mortality rate. However, a transformation between BS and particulate surface area is presented that leads to a linear association between aerosol surface area concentration and mortality rate. A critical mass concentration is defined, below which aerosol surface area varies linearly with mass. Above the critical mass concentration, numerical modeling supports the hypothesis that aerosol surface area is a more appropriate indicator of health effects associated with exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Dust Environmental Exposure Mortality Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety
• Keywords:
  Aerosol Surface Area Author Keywords: Exposure Metrics Dusts Environmental-exposure Environmental Exposure Exposure-levels Mathematical-models Models Mortality-rates Numerical Modelling Particulate-dust Particulates

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• ISSN:
  0003-4878
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology ; DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  444-449
• Volume:
  46
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022232
• Citation:
  Ann Occup Hyg, Inhaled Particles IX, 2002 Dec; 46(Suppl 1):444-449
• Contact Point Address:
  A. D. Maynard, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
• Email:
  amaynard@cdc.gov
• Editor(s):
  Ogden T; Donaldson K; Cherry N ; Ogden T; Donaldson K; Cherry N
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2003
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Exposure Assessment Methods ; Research Tools and Approaches: Exposure Assessment Methods
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Inhaled Particles IX
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1d9f66974b3e576357d19df926ec31590932c5dbab5c32da9b419122320ee657765e29a1399c58b97c10d17ba0b0d339425b00e16f302acd017ddc458cdd0bc0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199085/cdc_199085_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 130.94 KB ]