Pulmonary Alterations Associated with Inhalation of Occupational and Environmental Irritants

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Dey RD ; Frazer DG ; Manley LK
• Description:
  Many gases, vapors, or particles found in occupational and/or environmental settings can act as irritants. In the present study, sensory irritants are characterized by the stimulation of neuropeptide release from sensory nerves in the nasal mucosa, while pulmonary irritants are characterized by recruitment of PMN into bronchoalveolar airspaces, elevation of breathing frequency, and neuropeptide release from sensory fibers innervating the epithelium of the conducting airways. A review of data from our laboratory as well as results from others indicate that asphalt fume is a sensory irritant; toluene diisocyanate (TDI), methyl isocyanate, and machining fluid act as both sensory and pulmonary irritants; while cotton dust, agricultural dusts, microbial products, leather conditioner, and ozone exhibit responses characteristic of pulmonary irritants. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Dust Irritants Laboratories Microbiology Nose Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Sense Organs

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Author Keywords: Sensory Irritants Breathing Breathing Rate Cotton-dust In-vitro-studies Laboratory-animals Microorganisms Nasal-disorders Neuropeptides Occupational-respiratory-disease Occupational Agents Pulmonary-system-disorders Pulmonary Inflammation Pulmonary Irritants Respiratory-irritants Sensory-motor-system

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• ISSN:
  1567-5769
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  163-172
• Volume:
  2
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20022190
• Citation:
  Int Immunopharmacol 2002 Feb; 2(2-3):163-172
• Contact Point Address:
  Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  vic1@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Methyl isocyanate (CAS RN 624-83-9) ; Ozone (CAS RN 10028-15-6) ; Toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (CAS RN 584-84-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2002
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  International Immunopharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4be7c3233f4515234b7b4fc36b693de7ea8d259b9cd02f454359f825efc3730d3b33fc6b8287b9e1902947e310a768b9ecd492cba72926017c78d7da894ddfc7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/199058/cdc_199058_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 194.10 KB ]