Hard Metal-Induced Disease: Effects of Metal Cations In Vitro on Guinea Pig Isolated Airways

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fedan, Jeffery S.
• Description:
  Inhalation of dust from hard metal (HM), a mixture of tungsten carbide, cobalt, and other metals, can cause interstitial alveolitis, fibrosis, and asthma in the workplace. Some effects of HM could occur after the metals dissolve in the lung. We examined whether chloride salts of metals in HM alloys can elicit responses or modify reactivity to methacholine (MCh) or responses to electric field stimulation (EFS) in guinea pig tracheal strips. In unstimulated strips, Co(2+), Cd(2+), and Ni(2+) evoked contractions (>3 x 10(-6) M), while Ta(5+), Zn(2+), Cr(2+), and Cr(3+) caused weak relaxations (>10(-5) M). In strips contracted with MCh (3 x 10(-7) M), Co(2+) and Ni(2+) also caused relaxation in lower concentrations while the other metals caused weak relaxation only in high concentrations (>10(-4) M). The metals were generally without effect on reactivity to MCh, except that Cd(2+) inhibited and Ni(2+) potentiated some responses. The effects of selected metals (10(-6) M; Cr(3+), Ni(2+), Cd(2+), and Co(2+)) on EFS-induced contractile and relaxant responses were examined (+/-MCh; +/-10(-6) M indomethacin (Indo), 30 min). No metal had any effect on the excitatory nonadrenergic, noncholinergic-mediated contraction phase. Cd(2+) and Ni(2+) inhibited cholinergically mediated contractions of unstimulated strips (+Indo), whereas Cr(3+) both inhibited (-MCh, -Indo) and potentiated (-Indo,+MCh; +Indo, +MCh) contractile responses. Cr(3+) was the only metal to inhibit the inhibitory nonadrenergic, noncholinergic-mediated relaxation phase (+/-MCh; -Indo). Co(2+) had no effect at all. The results suggest that smooth muscle tone and nerves in the airways could be targets of cationic metals after they dissolve in the lung. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Asthma Asthma, Occupational Cadmium Chromium Dust Fibrosis Laboratories Metals Nervous System Nickel Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Zinc Compounds

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• Keywords:
  Airway-obstruction Airway Reactivity Animal-studies Author Keywords: Hard Metal Bronchial-asthma Cadmium Cadmium-compounds Cholinergic Nerves Chromium Chromium-compounds Cobalt Cobalt-compounds Diseases Dust-particles Dusts Electric Field Stimulation Guinea Pig In-vitro-studies Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Metal-compounds Methacholine Nerves Nickel Nickel-compounds Nonadrenergic Noncholinergic Nerves Tantalum Trachea Tungsten-compounds Zinc Zinc-compounds

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• ISSN:
  0041-008X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  199-206
• Volume:
  174
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20021728
• Citation:
  Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2001 Apr; 174(3):199-206
• Contact Point Address:
  NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  jsf2@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cadmium (CAS RN 7440-43-9) ; Chromium (CAS RN 7440-47-3) ; Cobalt (CAS RN 7440-48-4) ; Nickel (CAS RN 7440-02-0) ; Zinc (CAS RN 7440-66-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2001
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4ca3e3886e63239284f2f72db09b7d23b1a811a72fde7b13958431c9821455f3e45381c7a95a2b6cc5d9879294c534b3e5698f5a7100287bbc24372e86d2a45e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198840/cdc_198840_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 135.10 KB ]