Evaluation of Acute Sensory-Motor Effects and Test Sensitivity Using Termiticide Workers Exposed to Chlorpyrifos

Details

• Personal Author:
  Dick, Robert B. ; Hines CJ ; Krieg EF Jr. ; Steenland, Kyle
• Description:
  Sensory and motor testing was performed on a group of termiticide workers primarily using chlorpyrifos-containing products to evaluate both the acute effects from current exposure and sensitivity of the measures to detect effects. The study group comprised 106 applicators and 52 nonexposed participants. Current exposure was measured by urinary concentrations of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) collected the morning of testing. The mean TCP value for the 106 applicators was 200 microg/g creatinine. Participants received 4--5 h of testing and were evaluated using a sensory--motor test battery recommended by a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-sponsored advisory panel to be appropriate for testing effects from pesticide exposures. Measurements testing olfactory dysfunction, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, vibrotactile sensitivity, tremor, manual dexterity, eye--hand coordination, and postural stability were analyzed. Study results indicated limited acute effects from exposure to chlorpyrifos using urinary TCP as a measure of current exposure. The effects occurred primarily on measures of postural sway in the eyes closed and soft-surface conditions, which suggests a possible subclinical effect involving the proprioceptive and vestibular systems. Several other tests of motor and sensory functions did not show any evidence of acute exposure effects, although statistically significant effects of urinary TCP on the Lanthony color vision test scores and one contrast sensitivity test score were found. The visual measures, however, were not significant when a step-down Bonferroni correction was applied. Information also is presented on the sensitivity of the measures to detect effects in an occupationally exposed population using standard error of the parameter estimates. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Insecticides Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Sense Organs
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Chlorpyrifos Exposure-levels Insecticide-poisoning Occupational-exposure Olfactory-disorders Pesticide-industry Pesticides Sensitivity-testing Sensory-motor Sensory-motor-system Termiticide Workers Test Sensitivity Urinary TCP Vestibular-disorders Workers

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• ISSN:
  0892-0362
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  381-393
• Volume:
  23
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20021715
• Citation:
  Neurotoxicol Teratol 2001 Mar; 23(4):381-393
• Contact Point Address:
  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
• Email:
  maudbay@wans.net
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (CAS RN 95-95-4) ; Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2001
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicology and Teratology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:52fe7f7073690236bef244684e97ab79a221eb357bff99e1ed582cb9222f9b2383ecb2ce04d8d6846bffe6f0ab82718d7d48947286f56b47972afbce3607fc56
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198830/cdc_198830_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 177.19 KB ]