Pharmacological Characterization of an Extract of Wheat Grain

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chung E ; Goswami S ; Rienzi N ; Schachter EN ; Siegel P ; Skloot G ; Whitmer M ; Zuskin E
• Description:
  The harvesting and processing of wheat is associated with acute and chronic respiratory disease. A water soluble extract from wheat grain (WGE) collected on a farm near Zagreb, Croatia, was prepared as a 1:10 w/v solution. The dust contained 337 ug protein/mg of dust and 1101 EU of endotoxin/mg of dust. Dose related contractions of nonsensitized, guinea pig trachea (GPT) were demonstrated using these extracts. WGE was added to the GPTs in 1/2 log dose increments. Response was measured as a percent of maximal carbachol contraction. The effects of mediator modifying drugs, as well as an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril), a calcium channel blocking agent (TMB8) and capsaicin were tested. Atropine inhibited WGE over the entire range of doses tested. Pyrilamine, Acivicin, NDGA, and BPB (a phospholipase A2 inhibitor) moderately reduced WGE-induced constriction. Capsaicin depleted irritant nerves of bronchoconstricting mediators, and also resulted in a modest reduction of WGE-induced constriction as did TMB8 and captopril. Indomethacin had no effect on contraction induced by WGE. We conclude that WGE exerts a non-immunologic constrictor effect on guinea pig tracheal muscle. The mechanism of this effect is complex and capable of being modulated by many mediator modifying agents. Antocholinergic agents in particular exert a profound blocking effect on this extract. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Calcium Compounds Dust Endotoxins Enzymes Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Calcium-compounds Dust-sampling Enzyme-inhibitors Pharmacology Respiratory-system-disorders
• ISSN:
  1073-449X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  163
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20021433
• Citation:
  Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001 Apr; 163(5)(2)(Suppl):A845
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2001
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Part Number:
  2
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Abstracts of the American Thoracic Society 2001 International Conference, May 18-23, 2001, San Francisco, California
• Supplement:
  Suppl
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:91bee2efcb7a68a42e37d6c4d8b7b40732e56dc2b989da27af39b7a4978b955fb0ee45d368e72e7d8050f5126e26518bb79f200eac5ae38159f49a2a4634d992
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198749/cdc_198749_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 6.83 MB ]