In Vitro Toxicity of Silica Substitutes Used for Abrasive Blasting

Details

• Personal Author:
  Blake T ; Castranova, Vincent ; Greskevich, Mark F. ; Jones, William G. ; Leonard, Stephanie ; Miller, William E. ; Pack D ; Schwegler-Berry D ; Vallyathan V
• Description:
  The blasting process changed the trace metal content of all blasted particles. Blasting generally increased the relative proportion of iron in blasted materials. This iron was apparently derived from the steel plates that were being blasted. Blasting also resulted in the generation of particles with an average diameter on one micro-m. Both fresh and aged blasted particles decreased rat alveolar macrophage viability and increased enzyme release to varying degrees. Toxicity was generally compared to sand (Fig. 1). The hydroxyl radical generation from all freshly blasted particles were generally higher than from aged particles. Lipid peroxidation potential was greatest for garnet and staurolite (Fig. 2). This study demonstrates that silica sand blasting substitutes are not without biological toxic effects. Except for treated sand the toxicity of all substitutes evaluated exceeds that of silica sand on an equal surface area basis. This would indicate that abrasive substitutes may have potential adverse health effects and justifies the need for in vivo studies. The study also documents the importance of focusing on the materials collected from the ambient air, rather than pre-blast materials and materials collected from blasting areas after blasting. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Dust Hazardous Substances Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide Workplace
• Keywords:
  Abrasive-blasting Abrasive Blasting Acute Silicosis Author Keywords: Silica Substitutes Biological-effects Blasting-agents In-vitro-studies In-vivo-studies In Vitro Toxicity Occupational Health And Safety Pulmonary-system-disorders Respirable-dust Sand-blasting Sand Blasting Silica-dusts Silicosis Toxic-effects Work-environment Work Environment

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• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  158-160
• Volume:
  36
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20000858
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 1999 Sep; 36(S1):158-160
• Contact Point Address:
  Val Vallyathan, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  vav1@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1999
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3458578093172d6f4133ed022b6ce9a1fb66658abc884baf7e45f59cb14d02a7e508ab792dce5440ea9df155cf5ac56fc676d92dc75106788a7677b2041bcd9b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198227/cdc_198227_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 99.97 KB ]