Effect of Fiber Length on Glass Microfiber Cytotoxicity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baron, Paul A. ; Blake T ; Castranova, Vincent ; Deye GJ ; Jones, William G. ; Li C ; Schwegler-Berry D
• Description:
  Fiber length has been implicated as a determinant of fiber toxicity. Fibers of narrowly defined length can be generated by dielectrophoretic classifiers. Since the quantities of fibers produced are very small, we developed a rat alveolar macrophage microculture system to study the toxicity of these samples. The objective of this study was to examine the role of fiber length on the cytotoxicity of Manville code 100 (JM-100) fibers. Rat alveolar macrophages were cultured with 0-500 mug/ml of 5 lengths of JM-100 fibers on 96-well plates. After 18 h, well supernatants were removed and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured to assess cell damage. Chemiluminescence (CL), an assessment of macrophage function, was measured by adding lucigenin with or without zymosan, a particulate stimulus, to appropriate wells. For each fiber length the effects were concentration dependent: CL declined and LDH rose with increasing fiber concentration. Comparing the effects of different lengths showed the greatest toxicity from a relatively long fiber sample (mean length = 17 mum). Microscopic examination of the interaction of fibers with macrophages revealed multiple macrophages attached along the length of the long fibers. This suggests that frustrated, or incomplete, phagocytosis may be a factor in the increased toxicity of longer fibers. Overall the results demonstrate that length is an important determinant of toxicity for JM-100 fibers. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asbestos Glass Inorganic Chemicals Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Cell-death Ceramic-fibers Fiber-length Fiber-toxicity Glass-fibers
• ISSN:
  0098-4108
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; DPSE - Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  243-259
• Volume:
  54
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20000648
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 1998 Jun; 54(4):243-259
• CAS Registry Number:
  Lucigenin (CAS RN 2315-97-1) ; Zymosans (CAS RN 9010-72-4)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1998
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d29b6138d6a7ac245be7bc11c79c485ffb15c6ed1f36d67d600b8f40a192767abb4fc166b4cc9363fb5cfe8244092d504b3d2a6ee10d47b48e9996123a66c7e0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/198182/cdc_198182_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.14 MB ]