The Kinetics of Grain Dust-Induced Inflammation of the Lower Respiratory Tract

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bleuer SA ; Deetz DC ; Jagielo PJ ; Quinn TJ ; Schwartz DA ; Thorne PS
• Description:
  The kinetics of grain dust induced lower respiratory tract inflammation were studied in humans and mice. Five male volunteers who never smoked, mean age 39 years, with normal baseline lung function, were exposed to an aerosolized corn dust extract (CDE) for 55 to 90 minutes at a mean target dose of 0.4 micrograms per kilogram (microg/kg) endotoxin. Exposure was by inhalation using a nebulizer or dosimeter. Spirometric evaluations and bronchoalveolar lavage were performed 1 hour preexposure and periodically from 10 minutes up to 196 hours postexposure. Male C3H/HeBFEJ-mice were exposed whole body to aerosolized CDE having a mean airborne endotoxin concentration of 8.3microg per cubic meter. The estimated endotoxin dose was 0.5microg/kg. Exposures were in a glass 75 liter exposure chamber using a nebulizer. Mice were killed at a specific time postexposure (up to 96 hours postexposure). Control mice were killed prior to exposure. Lavages (human and mice) were analyzed for changes in cellularity and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-8 (IL8), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP2) concentrations. In humans, CDE caused a rapid airway obstruction with decreases in 1 second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity persisting for up to 48 hours. CDE exposure caused similar changes in the lower respiratory tract of both humans and mice, with increases in the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), peaking at 4 hours postexposure (increased for 96 hours) in humans and at 1 hour postexposure (increased for 48 hours) in mice. IL6 and TNFa concentrations increased immediately in both humans (up to 96 hours) and mice (up to 24 hours). A similar pattern of increase in IL8 concentration was seen. Maximum MIP2 concentration was seen after 24 hours persisting for 48 hours in both humans and mice. The authors conclude that single inhalation challenge with CDE induces airflow obstruction and lower respiratory tract inflammation that may persist for several days. The mouse may be a suitable model for investigating grain dust induced pulmonary inflammation. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Dust Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Airway-obstruction Biokinetics Grain-dusts Humans In-vivo-studies Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Lung-cells NIOSH-Cooperative-Agreement NIOSH-Publication Pulmonary-function-tests Pulmonary-system-disorders

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• ISSN:
  1073-449X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Iowa ; OSHA Region 7
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  254-259
• Volume:
  155
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00239367
• Citation:
  Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997 Jan; 155(1):254-259
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1997
• NORA Priority Area:
  Pulmonary System Disorders
• Performing Organization:
  University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19900930
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
• End Date:
  20020929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9abcef9402d291950ac03f7e62346703431f38b2fdae39c52ef46e6188a57895c7770b3795a6c15618c36a76a64c907c1db4bab3c6373878c5f8c56161888539
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/197983/cdc_197983_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 667.99 KB ]