Cellular Responses of the Lungs to Hyperoxia

Details

• Personal Author:
  Crapo JD ; Mercer RR ; Crapo JD ; Mercer RR
• Description:
  Oxygen toxicity is a significant clinical problem encountered during treatment for the most severe cases of respiratory failure. These patients require high concentrations of supplemental oxygen in order to maintain marginally acceptable arterial oxygen saturation. The most severe gas exchange impairments require the highest supplemental oxygen concentrations. The oxygen toxicity problem is serious because the individuals most likely to sustain superimposed hyperoxic pulmonary damage are those least able to tolerate additional gas exchange dysfunction. Oxygen toxicity is a particular concern in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) of adults (1,2) and is a factor in long-term therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (3). Hyperoxic injury is also a cause of retinopathy of prematurity and considered an important trigger in bronchopulmonary dysplasia of premature infants (4,5). There has been a rapid expansion of knowledge concerning free radical mechanisms since it was first proposed that free radicals were responsible for the toxicity of oxygen (6). The early studies of pulmonary toxicity from hyperoxia, biochemical mechanisms of hyperoxia, and results from studies of adaptation are reviewed in a previous publication of this series authored by Fanburg and Deneke (7). This chapter will focus on advances in our understanding of hyperoxic injury in the lungs, including identification of critical cells involved in injury, localization of the key antioxidant enzymes, and in vivo experimental interventions that provide information on the critical foci and functions of antioxidant enzymes. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Antioxidants Biochemistry Enzymes Free Radicals Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety
• Keywords:
  Biochemical-analysis Cellular-reactions Free-radicals In-vivo-studies Lung-disorders Oxygen-toxicity Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-system-disorders
• ISBN:
  9780824748746
• Publisher:
  Marcel Dekker
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book ; Book
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  445-473
• Volume:
  187
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20025999
• Citation:
  Oxygen/nitrogen radicals: lung injury and disease (Lung biology in health and disease). Vallyathan V, Castranova V, Shi X, eds. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2004 May; 187:445-473
• Editor(s):
  Vallyathan V; Castranova V; Shi X ; Vallyathan V; Castranova V; Shi X
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Oxygen/nitrogen radicals: lung injury and disease (Lung biology in health and disease)
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1108db3b5a92608c3ab84e66524bc034e96baf1770fc0a16f9fa72748a49542058189aaede6f7bc838cb9cf730eb63def6b23d9361fb58f371ec9e1711722d33
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/197141/cdc_197141_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.35 MB ]