DNA Damage in Human Leukocytes Induced In Vitro by 1-or-2 Bromopropane

Details

• Personal Author:
  Lynch DW ; Singh NP ; Toraason M
• Description:
  1-Bromopropane (1-BP; n-propyl bromide) (CAS No. 106-94-5) is an alternative to ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons that has a variety of potential applications as a cleaning agent for metals and electronics, and as a solvent vehicle for spray adhesives. Its analogue, 2-brompropane (2-BP; isopropyl bromide) (CAS No. 75-26-3) impairs antioxidant cellular defenses, enhances lipid peroxidation, and causes DNA damage in vitro. In the present study, DNA damage was assessed in human leukocytes exposed in vitro to 1-BP or 2-BP at 0, 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mM for 8 hr; or at 1 mM for 1, 2, 4 or 8 hr. Exposures to 1-BP or 2-BP were performed in triplicate samples of fresh heparinized venous blood from an adult male volunteer. For estimation of DNA damage, comets were produced by alkaline microgel-electrophoresis. In each sample, DNA damage was estimated in a minimum of 100 leukocytes using VisComet image analysis software. Apoptosis was assessed in leukocytes exposed to 1-BP or 2-BP using the DNA diffusion assay. 1-BP or 2-BP induced a significant increase in comet tail moment at 1 mM but not at 0.01 or 0.1 mM. DNA strand break number was significantly increased at 0.1 and 1 mM of 1-BP or 2-BP. In temporal studies, a significant increase in DNA damage was evident 1, 2, 4, or 8 hrs after exposure to 2-BP, whereas increased DNA damage was observed only after 4 or 8 hrs of exposure to 1-BP. Significant increases in apoptosis were evident after exposure to 0.1 or 1 mM 2-BP, but only after exposure to 1 mM 1-BP. Results demonstrate the potential for 1-BP and 2-BP to induce DNA damage in vitro in human leukocytes. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Antioxidants Laboratories Metals Occupational Health Safety Solvents
• Keywords:
  Cleaning-compounds Exposure-levels In-vitro-studies Laboratory-testing Leukocytes Lipid-peroxidation Sprays
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Publisher:
  Society of Toxicology
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  31-32
• Volume:
  78
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20025042
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2004 Mar; 78(S-1):31-32
• CAS Registry Number:
  1-Bromopropane (CAS RN 106-94-5) ; 2-Bromopropane (CAS RN 75-26-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 43nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 21-25, 2004, Baltimore, Maryland
• Supplement:
  S-1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:76fa95f714a4e5d9eb0e1999b381c3f7f942d0b5d69ec8f6064c8248b0168c79369376572107070ae8ae53322953b9b5a87f5c8e0773d3167c4df37fbc77b4d5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196553/cdc_196553_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 91.79 KB ]