Reactive Oxygen Species in the Activation and Regulation of Intracellular Signaling Events

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chen F
• Description:
  All aerobic cells are capable of producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen to water under both physiological and pathological conditions. As unstable free radicals containing an unpaired electron in their outer orbital, ROS are extremely active in reaction with other cellular components, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA through electron capturing. Terminologically, ROS include both fee radicals, such as superoxide anion (02), hydroperoxyl radical (HO2), and hydroxyl radical (OH), and non-free radicals, mainly H2O2. Although H202 by itself is not a free radical, in the presence of reduced transition n1etals (e.g., ferrous or cuprous ions), it can be transformed into the highly reactive -OH and related oxidants through the Fenton reaction (2). Cellular sources of ROS include membrane-associated NADPH oxidase, cytosolic Xanthine oxidase, peroxisomal oxidases, endoplasmic reticular oxidases, and mitochondriaa. Among. these cellular sources, both NADPH oxidase and mitochondria are considered to be the major sources of ROS production in response to specific circumstances. In addition, a number of environmental hazards, such as chemical toxicants, carcinogenic metals, and fibrotic mineral dusts, can serve as either powerful exogenous sources of ROS or stimulate the production of ROS from cells (1). [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Environmental Exposure Environmental Pollution Free Radicals Lipids Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Cell-function Cellular-structures Environmental-hazards Free-radicals Proteins
• ISBN:
  9780824748746
• Publisher:
  Marcel Dekker
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  59-90
• Volume:
  187
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024833
• Citation:
  Oxygen/nitrogen radicals: lung injury and disease (Lung biology in health and disease). Vallyathan V, Castranova V, Shi X, eds. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2004 May; 187:59-90
• Editor(s):
  Vallyathan V; Castranova V; Shi X
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Oxygen/nitrogen radicals: lung injury and disease (Lung biology in health and disease)
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0c004b1dfb33b7c0a23e7e5220c225643e89df5334f1103b348f9543ecebb055add4171cbf9a17e78b1bb5ce430dc552d240fae944faff89c4555397f2ad03c4
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196449/cdc_196449_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 6.26 MB ]