Soluble Metals Associated with Residual Oil Fly Ash Increase Morbidity and Lung Injury After Bacterial Infection in Rats

Details

• Personal Author:
  Antonini JM ; Castranova, Vincent ; Clarke RW ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Taylor MD
• Description:
  Inhalation of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) has been shown to impair lung defense mechanisms in laboratory animals and susceptible populations. Bioavailability of soluble transition metals has been shown to play a key role in lung injury caused by ROFA exposure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of soluble metals on lung defense and injury in animals preexposed to ROFA followed by pulmonary challenge with a bacterial pathogen. ROFA was suspended in saline (ROFA-TOTAL), incubated overnight at 37 degrees C, and separated by centrifugation into soluble (ROFA-SOL) and insoluble (ROFA-INSOL) fractions. A portion of the soluble sample was treated with the metal-binding resin Chelex for 24 h at 37 degrees C. Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally dosed at d 0 with ROFA-TOTAL (1.0 mg/100 g body weight), ROFA-INSOL, ROFA-SOL, saline, saline + Chelex, or ROFA-SOL + Chelex. At d 3, 5 210 5Listeria monocytogenes were intratracheally instilled into rats from each treatment group. At d 6, 8, and 10, left lungs were removed, homogenized, and cultured to assess bacterial clearance. Histopathological analysis was performed on the right lungs. Pulmonary exposure of ROFA-TOTAL or ROFA-SOL before infection led to a marked increase in lung injury and inflammation at all three time points after inoculation, and an increase in morbidity in comparison to saline control rats. Treatment with ROFA-INSOL, saline + Chelex, or ROFA-SOL + Chelex caused no significant increases in lung damage and morbidity when compared to control. By d 10, the ROFA-SOL and ROFA-TOTAL groups had approximately 200-fold more bacteria in the lung than saline control, indicating the inability of these groups to effectively respond to the infection. None of the other treatment groups had significant impairments in bacterial clearance when compared to saline. In conclusion, exposure to ROFA-TOTAL and ROFA-SOL significantly suppressed the lung response to infection. These results suggest that soluble metals present in ROFA may play a key role in increased susceptibility to pulmonary infection in exposed populations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Bacterial Infections Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Metals Microbiology Occupational Health Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Bacterial-disease Bacterial-infections Laboratory-animals Lung-burden Lung-disorders Lung-function Microorganisms Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-function-tests Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-system-disorders Transition-metals

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• ISSN:
  0098-4108
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  251-263
• Volume:
  67
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024828
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2004 Jun; 67(3):251-263
• Contact Point Address:
  Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
• CAS Registry Number:
  Aluminum (CAS RN 7429-90-5) ; Calcium (CAS RN 7440-70-2) ; Iron (CAS RN 7439-89-6) ; Nickel (CAS RN 7440-02-0) ; Vanadium (CAS RN 7440-62-2) ; Zinc (CAS RN 7440-66-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:88c204168dc27961eab688e68225648bb7b452e2afa52b16a82989f373d6e51ce49d9fe850ec5df22b756bb25383cdf07a056d66b320f917cc30ebfd4eeb229b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196444/cdc_196444_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 256.66 KB ]