Cleanser-Induced Effects on Skin Barrier Function

Details

• Personal Author:
  Beighley C ; DeHaven J ; Kashon M ; Solderholm S
• Description:
  Dermal exposure to toxic chemicals is associated with health risks. Intuitively, health risks should be reduced by skin decontamination. As a preliminary step in studies of decontamination, we have looked at the modulation of skin barrier integrity by selected cleansers. Using the standard in vitro tritiated water barrier assay in a flow-through diffusion cell system, we evaluated five cleansers and two controls (water, no treatment). We chose cleansers (none containing abrasives) from the many readily-available or specifically marketed for decontamination. Cleansers were: 10% (v/v) Ivory Liquid, 100% Safe Solvent, 100% D-TAM, 100% GoJo Smooth Orange, 0.5% Clorox. They were used with mild scrubbing (Q-tip) and according to the printed instructions of the manufacturer or, for Clorox, per U.S. Army recommendations. Dorsal skin from three aged (29-36 mo) female hairless guinea pigs was stored, full-thickness, at -85C for 130-260 days. Each dermatomed skin produced 14 skin disks. Disks were weighed, randomized to one of 14 cells, and tested for barrier integrity (tritiated water assay #1). Then intact disks (typical result 0.1% penetration) were exposed to acetone to simulate application of a contaminating chemical. Following 2 hours rest, 2 disks from each animal were randomized to each cleanser treatment (cleanser and 2 water rinses within 5 minutes). After 2 more hours, cells were re-tested for barrier integrity (tritiated water assay #2). Acetone alone did not perturb barrier function. None of the cleansers destroyed barrier integrity, i.e., all <0.35% penetration. Analysis of covariance using skin disk weight as the covariate indicated a significant effect of treatment (p = 0.018). Pair-wise comparisons of each cleanser vs. water using Dunnett's test showed evidence that the two most lipophilic cleansers significantly increased tritiated water penetration (p<0.05), suggesting that lipophilic cleansers might reduce barrier function in this test system. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Acetone Hazardous Substances Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Diseases
• Keywords:
  Acetones Exposure-levels Health-hazards In-vitro-studies Skin-disorders Skin-exposure Skin-irritants Toxins
• Publisher:
  American Industrial Hygiene Association
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  61
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024802
• Citation:
  American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 8-13, 2004, Atlanta, Georgia. Fairfax, VA: American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2004 May; :61
• CAS Registry Number:
  Acetone (CAS RN 67-64-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Allergic and Irritant Dermatitis
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  American Industrial Hygiene Conference and Exposition, May 8-13, 2004, Atlanta, Georgia
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4581e80e42a80fa3b7057d3307c5c9c8e0c2d5b967f5daaf9af19bc49a984514dd29c756f334eb46b0177a2c52bea16907591a46db052924e0afeb1d8a04b93f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196421/cdc_196421_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.43 MB ]