Hyperosmolar Solution Effects in Guinea Pig Airways. II. Epithelial Bioelectric Responses to Relative Changes in Osmolarity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Johnston RA ; Rengasamy A ; Van Scott MR ; Wu DXY
• Description:
  Osmotic challenge of airways alters the bioelectric properties of the airway epithelium and induces the release of factors that modulate smooth muscle tone. Recent studies in our laboratory suggested that methacholine-contracted airways relax in response to incremental increases in osmolarity, rather than from cell shrinkage or absolute solute concentration. In the present study, guinea pig tracheae were mounted in Ussing chambers to elucidate the bioelectric effects of challenge of the epithelium with hyperosmolar and isosmolar solutions. Transepithelial short-circuit current (Isc) across tracheae stimulated with basolateral methacholine was inhibited by apical amiloride, apical 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, basolateral bumetanide, basolateral ouabain, and Cl(-)-free solution, but not by basolateral iberiotoxin. Apical hyperosmolar challenge with NaCl variably decreased or increased Isc, but D-mannitol (D-M) always inhibited Isc; bumetanide attenuated decreases in Isc. The effects of the transport blockers depended upon whether Isc was initially decreased or increased. Unique concentration-dependent changes in Isc and transepithelial resistance (Rt) were observed when ionic (NaCl and KCl), nonionic impermeant (D-M and sucrose), and nonionic permeant (urea) osmolytes were added to the apical and basolateral baths. At concentrations that doubled the osmolarity of the apical bath, D-M, urea, and N-methyl-D-glucamine-gluconate (NMDG-Glu) decreased Isc. Apical isosmolar NMDG-Glu solution decreased Isc, and additional NMDG-Glu caused a further decrease in Isc. Inclusion of one permeant ion, either Na+,K+, or Cl-, reversed the response to apical isosmolar and hyperosmolar solutions. Thus, bioelectric responses of the airway epithelium to hyperosmolar solution are induced by incremental increases in osmolarity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Lung Methacholine Compounds Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Airway-obstruction Airway-resistance Animal-studies Bioelectric-effects Cellular-reactions In-vitro-study Methacholines Pulmonary-system Throat
• ISSN:
  0022-3565
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  19-29
• Volume:
  308
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024231
• Citation:
  J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004 Jan; 308(1):19-29
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Jeffrey S. Fedan, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA
• Email:
  jsf2@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2004
• NORA Priority Area:
  Disease and Injury: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:b211b3fa628f5c39c777836632fc73c602cff0650921fc9d4baf52e347cd13451ce0d2a65cbcf2fc54c0ea51cf7f784df8d8131b56a79ffa1d4e92d0ecfd6b5f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196145/cdc_196145_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.69 MB ]