Mortality Studies of Metalworking Fluid Exposure in the Automobile Industry: VI. A Case-Control Study of Esophageal Cancer

Details

• Personal Author:
  Eisen EA ; Hallock MF ; Hammon SK ; Kriebel D ; Monson RR ; Smith, Thomas J. ; Sullivan, Patricia A. ; Tolbert PE ; Wegman, David H. ; Woskie SR
• Description:
  Results are reported from a nested case-control study of 60 esophageal cancer deaths among 46,384 automobile manufacturing workers potentially exposed to metalworking fluids (MWF) in machining and grinding operations. METHODS: By using incidence-density sampling, controls were selected with a sampling ratio of 20:1 from among co-workers who remained at risk by the age of death of the case, matched on race, gender, plant, and year of birth. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk associated with cumulative exposure (mg/m3-years) to each of three types of metalworking fluid (straight, soluble, and synthetic MWF), as well as with years of exposure to selected components of MWF, including nitrosamines, sulfur, biocides, and several metals. RESULTS: Esophageal cancer was found to be significantly associated with exposure to both soluble and synthetic MWF in grinding operations. The odds ratios (ORs) for grinding with soluble MWF were elevated at 2.5 or greater in all categories of cumulative exposure, although the exposure-response trend was statistically significant only when exposure was measured as duration. Those with 12 or more years exposure to soluble MWF in grinding operations experienced a 9.3-fold relative risk of esophageal cancer mortality (95% CI = 2.1-42.1). The OR for ever grinding with synthetic MWF was 4.1 (95% CI = 1.1-15.0). Elevated risk was also associated with two agents found in both synthetic and soluble fluids, nitrosamines, and biocides. For exposure to nitrosamines, the OR was 5.4 (95% CI = 1.5-19.9); for biocides the OR was 3.8 (95% CI = 0.8-18.9). However, because the same workers were exposed to grinding with synthetics, nitrosamines and biocides, it was not possible to separate the specific risks associated with these components. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Coal Coal Mining Fires Mining Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Age-factors Author Keywords: Metalworking Fluids Automobile Workers Automotive-industry Cancer Case-studies Coolants Cutting Fluids Demographic-characteristics Esophageal Cancer Esophageal Neoplasms Grinding Machining Fluids Metal Removal Fluids Metalworking Metalworking-fluids Mortality-data Mortality-rates Nitrosamine Occupational-exposure Racial-factors Sex-factors

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• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Georgia ; Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 9 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  36-48
• Volume:
  34
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20024051
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 1998 Jul; 34(1):36-48
• Contact Point Address:
  Patricia A. Sullivan, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown WV 26505
• Email:
  pcs5@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1998
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19930901
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• End Date:
  19950831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a872b951129340684ac9210dcfd7c4bc7de65371c59bff43c1b0a7bddff7767b2e920092f4cad3519b6e18bd63897d9ab0583a73906830c01d70c5d7919589a3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/196064/cdc_196064_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 126.58 KB ]