Modelling complex mixtures in epidemiologic analysis: additive versus relative measures for differential effectiveness

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bertke SB ; Daniels RDD ; Hamra GBH ; MacLehose RFM ; Richardson DBR
• Description:
  Mixed exposures are often combined into single exposure measures using weighting factors. An example of this arises in radiation epidemiology where doses of distinct forms of ionising radiation (such as alpha, beta, and gamma radiation) are combined based on knowledge of their biological effectiveness relative a reference form of radiation (most often gamma). Similar pooling of mixed exposures may occur with multiple congeners or air pollutants to develop more parsimonious models. The weights used for combining exposures are determined from experimental animal and cellular research, but not observational research. In this work, we show that these weights, which are the ratio of two normally distributed variables, cannot be reliably estimated from observational research. We propose an alterative approach for estimating differences in effectiveness of distinct exposures based on their excess effectiveness compared to a reference exposure. This alternative provides reliable estimates of differences in effectiveness of distinct exposures. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Epidemiology Occupational Health Radiation Safety
• Keywords:
  Alpha-radiation Beta-radiation Biological-effects Exposure-levels Gamma-radiation Ionizing-radiation Models Radiation-effects Radiation-exposure Synergism
• ISSN:
  1351-0711
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Minnesota ; North Carolina ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  70
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20043497
• Citation:
  Occup Environ Med 2013 Sep; 70(Suppl 1):A112
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 23rd Conference on Epidemiology in Occupational Health EPICOH 2013: Improving the Impact June 18-21, 2013, Utrecht, The Netherlands
• Supplement:
  1
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:740f070d73a2a33961ecfc580f554176188cd7a0d9e80ad1c9e1e6f12182d34e2d593dad9eb265aadb67fd0ba9901db7f056d0e49111132e5660a6027f94e536
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/195385/cdc_195385_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 64.94 KB ]