Characteristics and magnitude of acute pesticide-related illnesses and injuries associated with pyrethrin and pyrethroid exposures-11 states, 2000-2008

Details

• Personal Author:
  Beckman J ; Bonnar-Prado J ; Calvert, Geoffrey M. ; Higgins S ; Hudson, Naomi L. ; Kasner EJ ; Lackovic M ; Larios L ; Mehler L ; Mitchell Y ; Moraga-McHaley S ; Mulay P ; Roisman R ; Schwartz A ; Walker R ; Waltz J
• Description:
  Background: Excluding disinfectants, pyrethrins and pyrethroids are the pesticides used most commonly in and around homes. Respiratory effects and paresthesia are among the concerns about pyrethrin/pyrethroid exposures. Methods: Acute pesticide-related illness/injury cases were identified from the Sentinel Event Notification System for Occupational Risks-Pesticides Program and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation from 2000-2008. Characteristics and incidence rates were determined for acute pyrethrin/pyrethroid-related illness/injury cases. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine odds of respiratory and dermal symptoms in persons with illness/injury following pyrethrin/pyrethroid exposure compared to persons with illness/injury following exposure to other pesticides. Results: A total of 4,974 cases of acute pyrethrin/pyrethroid-related illness were identified. Incidence rates increased over time, reaching 8 cases/million population in 2008. The majority of cases were low severity (85%) and 34% were work-related. Respiratory effects were the most common symptoms reported (48%). Risk of acute respiratory effects were significantly elevated among persons exposed only to pyrethrins (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.49-2.16), only to pyrethroids (aOR 1.99 95% CI: 1.77-2.24), to a mixture of pyrethroids (aOR 2.36; 95% CI: 1.99-2.81) or to a mixture containing both pyrethrins and pyrethroids (aOR 2.99; 95% CI: 2.33-3.84) compared to those with illness arising from exposure to other pesticides. The most common factors contributing to pyrethrin/pyrethroid-related illness included exposure from spills/splashes, improper storage, and failure to evacuate during pesticide application. Conclusions: The magnitude of acute pyrethrin/pyrethroid-related illness/injury is relatively low but is increasing. As such, additional measures to prevent them are needed. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Epidemiology Hazardous Substances Inhalation Exposure Insecticides Irritants Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Skin

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• Keywords:
  Analytical-processes Author Keywords: Pyrethrin Exposure-levels Illness Inhalants Injuries Pesticide Pesticides Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Pyrethroid Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Risk-factors Skin-exposure Statistical-analysis Surveillance Surveillance-programs Toxic-effects Toxins Workers

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• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Florida ; Iowa ; Louisiana ; Michigan ; New Mexico ; New York ; North Carolina ; Ohio ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Texas ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  15-30
• Volume:
  57
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20042857
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 2014 Jan; 57(1):15-30
• Contact Point Address:
  Geoffrey M.Calvert, MD, MPH, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  jac6@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Pyrethrin II (CAS RN 121-29-9) ; λ-Cyhalothrin (CAS RN 91465-08-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  Texas State Department of Health Services
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20060701
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• End Date:
  20160630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:40cdb540fb9436c5bbd1c653990e7f8844c36e687ec29e226f137609f12e9b6d5568681b5dd8c166fd28987a45a725b16a493ab59037b577ddeab1659d08ed7d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194942/cdc_194942_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 188.13 KB ]