A quantitative risk assessment of 1-bromopropane, based on tumor data

Details

• Personal Author:
  Dankovic, David A. ; Dotson, G. Scott
• Description:
  The "green" movement has resulted in the introduction of several new "environmentally-friendly" substitutes into commerce, including 1-bromopropane (1-BP; CAS no. 106-94-5). Although use of 1-BP is intended to minimize ozone depletion, occupational exposure is of concern. Case studies, occupational exposure assessments, and epidemiological investigations have suggested that workplace exposure to 1-BP may be associated with neurological, reproductive, and hematological effects. Previous quantitative risk assessments of 1-BP have been based on toxicological studies of these and other non-cancer endpoints. This poster presents a quantitative risk assessment based on a NTP chronic bioassay, in which rats and mice were exposed to 125-500 or 62.5-250 ppm 1-BP, respectively, for up to 2 years. Inhalation of 1-BP produced alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinomas in female mice, adenomas of the large intestine in female rats, and keratoacanthoma/squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in male rats. Benchmark concentrations (BMC) and lower 95% confidence limits (BMCL) estimates at the 1 in 1000 response level (0.1%) were based on a previously published model average procedure. The BMC (BMCL) estimates were 0.85 (0.41) ppm for alveolar/bronchiolar adenoma + carcinoma; 13.5 (2.76) ppm for large intestine adenomas; and 3.73 (1.44) ppm for keratoacanthoma +squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. The BMC (BMCL) estimates were extrapolated to humans on a (body weight)0.75 basis, assuming a 45-year occupational exposure. Human-equivalent concentrations for a 1 in a 1000 lifetime added risk at the various tumor sites are 0.39 (0.19) ppm, for lung tumors; 6.17 (1.26) ppm for intestinal tumors; and 1.75 (0.68) ppm for skin tumors. These results suggest that even sub-ppm occupational exposures to 1-BP may pose an increased risk of cancer. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biological Assay Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Laboratories Longevity Lung Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Propane Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Safety Skin Diseases Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Alveolar-cells Bioassays Biological-effects Bronchial-cancer Cancer Carcinomas Cell-alteration Cell-transformation Chronic-exposure Dose-response Exposure-assessment Glandular-disorders Humans Intestinal-cells Laboratory-animals Lifespan Lung-disease Propanes Quantitative-analysis Risk-analysis Skin-disorders Skin-tumors Tumors

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  476-477
• Volume:
  132
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20042447
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2013 Mar; 132(1):476-477
• CAS Registry Number:
  1-Bromopropane (CAS RN 106-94-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2013
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Services
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 52nd Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 10-14, 2013, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e6f7798d9334babfce95a6c11cefb811299e7488ed04cd90a03c36b7cb9ee668343e89d48d5a15c0a2183357f66fd4159fffbf225bde80d909f5e35ea9789fcc
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/194670/cdc_194670_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 587.09 KB ]