An evaluation of a dose rate parameter in occupational radiation epidemiologic studies

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chen PH ; Neton JW ; Spitz HB ; Taulbee TD
• Description:
  Introduction: Risk estimates for occupational radiation exposure are primarily based upon studies of atomic bomb survivors and other persons who received instantaneous or acute radiation exposure. In contrast, occupational radiation exposure tends to be received at a low intensity and in a fractionated or protracted manner. Multiple studies of animals have clearly demonstrated that fractionated and low intensity exposure to gamma radiation results in a reduced rate of cancer incidence compared to acute exposures (8,5,7,2). The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed the Dose and Dose Rate Effectiveness Factor (DDREF) to accommodate the observed decrease in cancer incidence associated with fractionated gamma exposures. Although the ICRP (3) recommends a value of 2 for the DDREF, they also recognize that this value is somewhat arbitrary and in need of additional validation. The United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is conducting an Occupational Energy Research Program to investigate health effects in workers who are exposed to radiation. In this analysis, we compare the conventional dose rate calculation to a new method, which is shown to be a better description of the intensity (dose rate) of the cumulative dose for epidemiological studies. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Health Promotion Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Radiation Risk Assessment Safety
• Keywords:
  Acute-exposure Biological-effects Cancer-rates Dose-response Employee-exposure Exposure-assessment Exposure-methods Gamma-radiation Health-programs Nuclear-radiation Occupational-exposure Radiation-exposure Risk-analysis Worker-health

  More +
• ISBN:
  9789170456077
• ISSN:
  0346-7821
• Publisher:
  Arbetslivsinstitutet
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies ; OCAS - Office of Compensation Analysis and Support
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  453-456
• Issue:
  10
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20041297
• Citation:
  Arbete och Halsa 2001 Jun; 2001(10):453-456
• Contact Point Address:
  T. D. Taulbee, Health-Related Energy Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH USA
• Email:
  tgt4@cdc.gov
• Editor(s):
  Hagsberg M; Knave B; Lillienberg L; Westberg H
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2001
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Arbete och Halsa (X2001 - exposure assessment in epidemiology and practice, June 10-13, 2001, Göteborg, Sweden)
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:2b3126f233b34ee2d5741be1063796716b8b5a996ed18a3223b52253324f1315f6487036368250baace7b94b2bd5c2f9fa128783ab54a30310b299650d8fe29c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/193899/cdc_193899_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 114.33 KB ]