Lognormal model for determining dose-response curves from epidemiological data and for health risk assessment

Details

• Personal Author:
  Saltzman BE
• Description:
  A practical method is proposed for determining human dose-response curves based on reasonable assumptions and simplifications. The epidemiological data needed are the fractions of the population suffering an adverse response from exposures to two or more patterns of fluctuating concentrations of a pollutant, and the statistical parameters of each pattern. The method calculates the two parameters of the threshold type dose-response curve of the pollutant, represented by a cumulative lognormal distribution. This distribution was derived from a reasonable statistical model. The calculation does not require any arbitrary safety factors and yields central values. The dose-response parameters then may be used to calculate the health risk rate of exposure to any other fluctuating concentration pattern. Another method is proposed to select appropriate threshold limit values [TLVs(R)] using calculations involving these parameters. Examples are given to illustrate the calculations. Results with hypothetical data gave apparently reasonable results. They showed the importance not only of the geometric mean concentration but also of the geometric standard deviations of both the concentrations and of the dose-response curve, that greatly influence the results. It is believed that results of useful accuracy should be obtained. Health risk rates are readily understood. They are useful for cost-benefit calculations. Relative rates can be used to compare the hazards of different operations and different plants. The method may make possible the development of standards specifying maximum allowable risk rates. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Epidemiology Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Risk Assessment Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Risk Assessment Dose-Response Curve Dose Response Employee Exposure Exposure Assessment Mathematical Models Risk Analysis Statistical Analysis Threshold Limit Values Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
• ISSN:
  1047-322X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  16
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20040169
• Citation:
  Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2001 Jul; 16(7):745-754
• Contact Point Address:
  Bernard E. Saltzman, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2001
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19920701
• Source Full Name:
  Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• End Date:
  20070630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ad9d12117466ef69e893976ac0c8edd3952cc16d7c54d68ce36f39816309debdf7835d97f6d44f4f84582e6227d3db7a70817c8d5b2c09ea859057891a858e10
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/193124/cdc_193124_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 315.94 KB ]