Nanoparticles as an emerging environmental and occupational hazard: does oxidative stress matter

Details

• Personal Author:
  Shvedova AA
• Description:
  Advancements in nanotechnology and broad applications of nanomaterials raise the issue of their potential adverse health effects particularly in occupational and environmental settings. Among different nanomaterials, carbonaceous nanotubes (CNT) including Single/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers - with their unique physico-chemical, electronic and mechanical properties - are emerging as important objects of toxicological studies. However, toxic effects of CNT have not been well characterized, especially with respect to pulmonary and immune outcomes. By employing proteomics and lipidomics analyses, in vivo ESR spin-trapping technology, redox assessments of antioxidant balance, and quantitative morphometry (including collagen) in wild-type and genetically manipulated mice, we were able to reveal the major pathways through which CNT - in doses relevant to potential occupational exposures - exert their toxic effects in the lung/distant organs of exposed animals. Overall, we found that an unusual and robust inflammatory and fibrogenic responses are closely associated with the progression of oxidative stress in the lung. Because realistic exposures to SWCNT are likely to occur in conjunction with other pathogenic influences, e.g., microbial infections, our finding of compromised bacterial clearance in the lungs of CNTexposed mice are of great practical importance. The talk will also address important issues of comparative respiratory outcomes of CNTs and asbestos, particularly with regards to pulmonary injury and potential carcinogenicity. Finally, the mechanisms of toxicity will be discussed in the context of current regulations of protection and their sufficiency in environmental and occupational settings. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Carcinogens Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Nanoparticles Biological-effects Carcinogenicity Exposure-assessment Fibrogenicity Fibrosis Hazardous-materials Health-hazards Immune-reaction Immunotoxins Inflammation Inhalation Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Lung-cells Lung-disorders Lung-function Lung Disease Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Nanotubes Oxidative-processes Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system Toxic-effects Ultrafine-particulates

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• Publisher:
  Centro Didattico, Policlinico Le Scotte, Universita di Siena
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  29
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20039871
• Citation:
  Second International Conference on Environmental Stressors in Biology and Medicine, October 5-7, 2011, Siena, Italy. Siena, Italy: Centro Didattico, Policlinico Le Scotte, Universita di Siena, 2011 Oct; :29
• Email:
  atsl@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon (CAS RN 7440-44-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Mining
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Second International Conference on Environmental Stressors in Biology and Medicine, October 5-7, 2011, Siena, Italy
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cb9e440551ae5d4b574cccc784e100b18e105a84672ff7b6d5058b96c814e4ebe3b49a692c02d58a4111d7aacf24692d51fde8b306f7703bda7dd188e56ab4cd
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192935/cdc_192935_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.50 MB ]