Inhalation of ortho-phthalaldehyde vapor causes respiratory sensitization in mice

Details

• Personal Author:
  Fluharty K ; Johnson VJ ; Reynolds JS ; Wang W ; Yucesoy, Berran
• Description:
  Ortho-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been approved for high-level sterilization of heat-sensitive medical instruments and is increasingly being used as a replacement in the healthcare industry for glutaraldehyde, a known sensitizer. Numerous case reports have been published indicating workers and patients experiencing respiratory problems, anaphylaxis, skin reactivity, and systemic antibody production. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that OPA is a dermal sensitizer in mice. The goal of the present study was to determine if OPA is a respiratory sensitizer following inhalation exposure. Mice were exposed to OPA vapor and airway and lymph nodes were examined for cytokine gene expression and alterations in lymphocyte populations. Inhalation of OPA for 3 days resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in lymphocyte proliferation, mainly B lymphocytes, in the draining lymph nodes. A secondary challenge of mice with OPA resulted in a dramatic increase in the population of B lymphocytes expressing IgE. Expression of Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and anti/proinflammatory (IL-10, TNFa, and IL-1β) cytokine genes was upregulated in the lymph nodes and the nasal mucosa. Mice exposed to the higher concentrations of OPA-produced OPA-specific IgG(1) antibodies indicating systemic sensitization. These findings provide evidence that OPA has the potential to cause respiratory sensitization in mice. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Health Care Facilities Workforce And Services Inhalation Exposure Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Solvents

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Exposure-levels Exposure-limits Health-care Inhalants Laboratory-animals Medical-equipment Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiration Respiratory-infections Respiratory-system-disorders Vapors Workers

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• ISSN:
  1687-9783
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  2011
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20039235
• Citation:
  J Allergy 2011 Jan; 2011:751052
• Contact Point Address:
  Victor J. Johnson, BRT-Burleson Research Technologies, Inc., Morrisville, NC 27560
• Email:
  vjohnson@brt-labs.com
• CAS Registry Number:
  Glutaraldehyde (CAS RN 111-30-8) ; Phthalaldehyde (CAS RN 643-79-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Allergy
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8ef1da99c77c5bc04cb0fbd6fa2e765d5f9968db64ef5764b5a571f0332fce41c7f9b03748018a3436f5005453df6e7647ee28bcc577effd222a64fb739b6163
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192651/cdc_192651_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 991.58 KB ]