Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barr DB ; Bouchard MF ; Bradman A ; Calderon N ; Chevrier J ; Eskenazi B ; Harley KG ; Johnson C ; Kogut K ; Trujillo C ; Vedar M
• Description:
  Context: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are neurotoxic at high doses. Few studies have examined whether chronic exposure at lower levels could adversely impact children's cognitive development. Objective: To examine associations between prenatal and postnatal exposure to OP pesticides and cognitive abilities in school-age children. Methods: We conducted a birth-cohort study (CHAMACOS) among predominantly Latino farmworker families from an agricultural community in California. We assessed exposure to OP pesticides by measuring dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites in urine collected during pregnancy and from children at age 6 months and 1, 2, 3½ and 5 years. We administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV to 329 seven-year old children. Analyses were adjusted for maternal education and intelligence, HOME score, and language of cognitive assessment. Results: Urinary DAP concentrations measured during the 1st and 2nd half of pregnancy had similar relations to cognitive scores, thus we used the average of concentrations measured during pregnancy in further analyses. Averaged maternal DAP concentrations were associated with poorer scores for Working Memory, Processing Speed, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Full Scale IQ. Children in the highest quintile of maternal DAP concentrations had an average deficit of 7.0 IQ-points compared with those in the lowest quintile. However, children's urinary DAP concentrations were not consistently associated with cognitive scores. Conclusions: Prenatal but not postnatal urinary DAP concentrations were associated with poorer intellectual development in 7-year-old children. Maternal urinary DAP concentrations in the present study were higher, but nonetheless within the range of levels measured in the general U.S. population. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Biomarkers Education Energy Metabolism Environmental Monitoring Family Farmers Hazardous Substances Insecticides Mental Health Nervous System Occupational Health Organophosphates Phosphoric Acids Pregnancy Race Factors Safety Urine

  More +
• Keywords:
  Agricultural-chemicals Agricultural-workers Author Keywords: Agriculture Brain-function Children Cognitive Development Developmental-disorders Exposure-assessment Families Farmworker Health-hazards Insecticides Intelligence Mental-processes Metabolites Neurodevelopment Neurotoxic-effects Neurotoxicity Organo-phosphorus-compounds Organo-phosphorus-pesticides Organophosphate Pesticide-residues Pesticides Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Phosphates Prenatal-exposure Quotient Racial-factors Urinalysis Urine-chemistry

  More +
• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Georgia ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  119
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038700
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2011 Aug; 119(8):1189-1195
• Contact Point Address:
  B. Eskenazi, Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA
• Email:
  eskenazi@berkeley.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  1,1′-Biphenyl, chloro derivs. (CAS RN 1336-36-3) ; Chlorpyrifos (CAS RN 2921-88-2) ; DDT (CAS RN 50-29-3) ; Diazinon (CAS RN 333-41-5) ; Diethyl dithiophosphate (CAS RN 52857-42-8) ; Diethyl phosphate (CAS RN 598-02-7) ; Dimethoate (CAS RN 60-51-5) ; Dimethyl dithiophosphate (CAS RN 32534-66-0) ; Dimethyl phosphate (CAS RN 813-78-5) ; Ethephon (CAS RN 16672-87-0) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1) ; Malathion (CAS RN 121-75-5) ; O,O-Diethyl phosphorothioate (CAS RN 2465-65-8) ; Oxydemeton-methyl (CAS RN 301-12-2) ; p,p′-DDE (CAS RN 72-55-9) ; Phosmet (CAS RN 732-11-6) ; Phosphorothioic acid, dimethyl ester (CAS RN 59401-04-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• End Date:
  20060929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:02009755fd73b4b969087aaa480a55cd576f3dd312933f89f7cfbb428597ef7c517a3040143b9572114b262d2a0a51a6597b4d791b7ce27a0c75ad0f8fe8b9da
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192321/cdc_192321_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 213.78 KB ]