Local and systemic toxicity of implanted accelerator-free polychloroprene-type and latex surgical glove material

Details

• Personal Author:
  Battelli LA ; Goravanahally M ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Kashon ML ; Law, Brandon F. ; Nicolaysen PH ; Siegel, Paul D. ; Willard PA
• Description:
  Asthma from latex gloves has prompted marketing of non-latex gloves including synthetic polyisoprene and polychloroprene surgical gloves. We have recently reported the presence of dihydroabietic (DHA) acid in these gloves, a compound that is extremely toxic in fish, but uninvestigated in mammals. Potential toxicity of DHA in surgical gloves is a concern because of potential exposure of patient tissues to DHA during extensive surgical procedures. Therefore, we investigated the hypothesis that the subcutaneous implantation of DHA containing polychloroprene gloves causes local and systemic toxicity. Mice (6/group) were subcutaneously implanted with 200 mg each of a polychloroprene glove or of a latex glove or 9 mg DHA, or underwent sham surgery, and were sacrificed 24 hr post-exposure. Implants were recovered for DHA analysis and tissues were processed for semiquantitative histopathology. Latex caused multifocal and coalescent, moderate to marked necrosis of myofibers at the implantation site in all mice (pathology score, 7.16 +/- 0.16; p=0.0048) and mild to moderate suppurative inflammation (5.66 +/- 0.42; p=0.0048). The polychloroprene caused multifocal, mild to moderate, necrosis and mild inflammation in 3 of 6 mice. In the tissues beneath the implantation site (the epaxial myofibers and the adjacent fascia), significant changes were observed that varied by tissue and glove material. In peripheral blood, latex increased polymorphonuclear cells (37% +/- 0.01; p<0.0001) and decreased lymphocytes (61% +/- 0.01; p<0.0001) compared to sham controls. In bone marrow cytology, polychloroprene material decreased the myeloid to erythroid ratio (p=0.0767) and decreased the mature pool of myeloid cells in bone marrow sections. These results suggest the need for additional studies of local cytotoxicity and systemic hematotoxicity of surgical glove components. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cytotoxins Epidemiology Hazardous Substances Laboratories Occupational Health Personal Protective Equipment Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Biological-effects Cell-biology Cellular-reactions Cytotoxic-effects Exposure-levels Gloves Laboratory-animals Physiological-effects Quantitative-analysis Statistical-analysis Tissue-disorders Toxic-effects Toxicopathology

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  District of Columbia ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  120
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20038601
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2011 Mar; 120(Suppl 2):334
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 50th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 6-10, 2011, Washington, DC
• Supplement:
  2
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:cff5555888bfdfc5b41538460de104f937e2857fc0716e20e2c22b59dec661d0fb16d858ed8fe251bdccd7f0a55a98a48a150c4dc5b3814e6bae7aa2a6950d31
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/192253/cdc_192253_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.09 MB ]