Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposure on neuroimmune responses in rat airways

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chen BT ; Johnson VJ ; Piedimonte G ; Reynolds JS ; Samsell L ; Scuri M ; Walton C
• Description:
  Exposure to ambient nanoparticles (defined as particulate matter [PM] having one dimension <100 nm) is associated with increased risk of childhood and adult asthma. Nanomaterials feature a smaller aerodynamic diameter and a higher surface area per unit mass ratio compared to fine or coarse-sized particles, resulting in greater lung deposition efficiency and an increased potential for biological interaction. The neurotrophins nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor are key regulatory elements of neuronal development and responsiveness of airway sensory neurons. Changes in their expression are associated with bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. The neurogenic-mediated control of airway responses is a key pathophysiological mechanism of childhood asthma. However, the effects of nanoparticle exposure on neurotrophin-driven airway responses and their potential role as a predisposing factor for developing asthma have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, in vivo inhalation exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (12 mg/m(3); 5.6 h/d for 3 d) produced upregulation of lung neurotrophins in weanling (2-wk-old) and newborn (2-d-old) rats but not in adult (12-wk-old) animals compared to controls. This effect was associated with increased airway responsiveness and upregulation of growth-related oncogene/keratine-derived chemokine (GRO/KC; CXCL1, rat equivalent of human interleukin [IL]-8) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These data show for the first time that exposure to nanoparticulate upregulates the expression of lung neurotrophins in an age-dependent fashion and that this effect is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. These results suggest the presence of a critical window of vulnerability in earlier stages of lung development, which may lead to a higher risk of developing asthma. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Inhalation Exposure Lung Men Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Women

  More +
• Keywords:
  Breathing Children Exposure-levels Exposure-limits Inhalants Nanotechnology Particulates Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system-disorders Risk-analysis Risk-factors

  More +
• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  73
• Issue:
  20
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20037689
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2010 Jan; 73(20):1353-1369
• Contact Point Address:
  Mario Scuri, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
• Email:
  mscuri@hsc.wvu.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction ; Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:4089bb2bf217cb786d77a54cb50cd5d916eca0724b13f0620eb85aa9f6824728c378de3500735bd728d0aec81b750db1cba3a8bf6d98ade69958d5286b4f4694
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/191685/cdc_191685_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 668.57 KB ]