Comparative Inflammatory Lung Response in A/J and C57BL/6J Mice Exposed to Stainless Steel Welding Fume

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• Personal Author:
  Antonini JM ; Reynolds SH ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Young S ; Zeidler-Erdely PC
• Description:
  Several epidemiology studies suggest that inhalation of welding fume (WF) increases lung cancer risk in welders. Stainless steel WF in particular contains both chromium and nickel, two known human carcinogens. However, controlled animal studies are undoubtedly needed to conclusively link WF exposure to increased lung cancer risk. Thus, we initiated a multipart study to compare the inflammatory and tumorigenic responses to WF in a lung tumor susceptible (A/J) and resistant (C57BL/6J) mouse strain. Mice were exposed by pharyngeal aspiration to a total of four doses, one every three days, of 5mg/kg manual metal arc-stainless steel WF (MMA-SS), 1.5 mg/kg soluble chromium (S-Cr), or saline vehicle. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed postmortem at one and four weeks after the final dose. Indices of lung cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase release) and air-blood barrier damage (albumin) were measured in the acellular BAL fluid. The cellular BAL fraction was used to assess inflammation via polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) infiltration. One week post-exposure, MMA-SS WF caused a slightly greater lung cytotoxicity compared to S-Cr, which was more pronounced in A/J versus the C57BL/6J mice. MMA-SS WF, but not S-Cr, caused greater airblood barrier damage in A/J versus C57BL/6J mice. PMN infiltration was significantly elevated compared to control in both mouse strains one-week post-exposure to MMA-SS WF. S-Cr elicited a significant PMN response in A/J mice only at one week post-exposure. By four weeks post-exposure to MMA-SS WF or S-Cr, lung injury in both mouse strains returned to control. PMN infiltration decreased, but remained elevated in both strains exposed to MMA-SS WF, with the A/J mice showing greater inflammation. In conclusion, exposure to MMA-SS WF or S-Cr elicited greater lung injury and inflammation at one versus four weeks in both mouse strains. The A/J strain showed increased susceptibility to lung injury and inflammation compared to the C57BL/6J mice following exposure to MMA-SS WF or S-Cr. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Animals Bacterial Infections Chromium Environmental Monitoring Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Metals Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Welding

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• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Bacteria Bacterial-infections Chromium-compounds Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Fumes Fumigants Laboratory-animals Lung-disorders Lung-irritants Pulmonary-system-disorders Stainless-steel Welders-lung Welding-industry

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  90
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20029893
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2006 Mar; 90(1):216
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2006
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 45th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 5-9, 2006, San Diego, California
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:aeaba236220104a265d029d77faf143727d52905d6b0bc248155eeec12ff1b250b4dedb7ec8dfcda8157d79c57fff679709d715cece5c811846185c1d6c54afc
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/190786/cdc_190786_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 152.44 KB ]