Persistant Pulmonary Inflammation After Intratracheal Instillation of Abrasive Blasting Agents

Details

• Personal Author:
  Battelli LA ; Dotson A ; Goldsmith WT ; Greskevich, Mark F. ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Jones, William G. ; Ma JYC ; Minhas NS ; Porter DW
• Description:
  Use of silica sand in abrasive blasting is associated with pulmonary disability due to silicosis. However, the pulmonary toxicity of substitutes for silica sand in abrasive blasting remains incompletely investigated. Therefore, Sprague Dawley rats received a single intratracheal instillation (IT) dosage of 2.5 or 10 mg of the respirable fractions of abrasive blasting agents collected from the air during blasting of a steel bar. Four weeks post-IT, the right lung lobe was lavaged to isolate bronchoalveolar lavage cells and acellular bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); the left lung was processed for histopathology. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) cell yield and alveolar macrophage (AM) chemiluminescence (CL) were significantly increased above control levels' in rats instilled with coal slag (2.5 and 10 mg), silica sand (10 mg), staurolite (10 mg),and treated sand (10 mg). Rats which received garnet (10 mg) also had increased PMN numbers versus control but AM CL was not increased. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was significantly elevated in the BALF of rats instilled with coal slag (2.5 and 10 mg), garnet (2.5 and 10 mg), silica sand (2.5 and 10 mg), staurolite (10.0 mg), and treated sand (10 mg), whereas BALF albumin was not increased in any of the exposed rats versus control. Hydroxyproline was significantly elevated over saline controls only in the rats receiving coal slag (10 mg). However, trichromestained lung sections showed focal to multifocal, minimal fibrosis in 6 of 6 silica exposed rats (10 mg) and 3 of 6 coal slag exposed rats (2.5 and 10 mg). Only specular hematite (iron oxide) failed to increase some measure of pulmonary toxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aluminum Silicates Animals Chemistry Chemistry, Analytic Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Irritants Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Abrasive-blasting Analytical-chemistry Analytical-methods Animal-studies Exposure-assessment Laboratory-animals Lung-cells Lung-disorders Lung-irritants Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders Sand-blasters Sand-blasting Silica-dusts Silicates Silicosis Statistical-analysis Toxic-materials Toxins

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Louisiana ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  51
• Volume:
  48
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20027945
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 1999 Mar; 48(1-S):51
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1999
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 38th Annual Meeting, March 14-18, 1999, New Orleans, Louisiana
• Supplement:
  1-S
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9e4397e76028d3e569c446df0295c723e6bc10331769c45c75d261b3c3f8dedf7e948f2c8ca4bf8d4b13f5f5363ce10b093a75ac08a646704e8ba443575e83f7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189689/cdc_189689_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 163.63 KB ]