Approaches for Estimating Prevalence Ratios

Details

• Personal Author:
  Deddens JA ; Petersen, Martin R.
• Description:
  Recently there has been much interest in estimating the prevalence (risk, proportion or probability) ratio instead of the odds ratio, especially in occupational health studies involving common outcomes (for example, with prevalence rates above 10%). For example, if 80 out of 100 exposed subjects have a particular disease and 50 out of 100 non-exposed subjects have the disease, then the odds ratio (OR) is (80/20)/(50/50) = 4. However, the prevalence ratio (PR) is (80/100)/(50/100) = 1.6. The latter indicates that the exposed subjects are only 1.6 times as likely to have the disease as the non-exposed subjects, and this is the number in which most people would be interested. There is considerable literature on the advantages and disadvantages of OR versus PR. In this article we will review the existing methods and give examples and recommendations on how to estimate the PR. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Hazardous Substances Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Safety Management Surveys And Questionnaires
• Keywords:
  Analytical-models Health-hazards Health-sciences Health-surveys Mathematical-models Risk-analysis Risk-factors Safety-monitoring Safety-research Statistical-analysis
• ISSN:
  1351-0711
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  65
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20034105
• Citation:
  Occup Environ Med 2008 Jul; 65(7):501-506
• Contact Point Address:
  James A Deddens, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DSHEFS, Mail Stop R15, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  jad0@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2008
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:5ea82043a0b5405549706411141f654bf214bbba377581e7f9d83d8b2fa9c057106f6e62436aea5d6a710bd9cfeb79a6da796c893f4edd62ced99508fe18d715
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189471/cdc_189471_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 189.93 KB ]