Adolescent Pesticide Exposures

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bryden P ; McKnight R ; Pollack S
• Description:
  Numerous studies have targeted adolescents as a special population at risk for traumatic injury and infectious diseases, etc. Less attention has been paid to adolescents as subjects vulnerable to toxic chemical exposures this despite the fact that more than 1.5 million U.S. youth live and/or work on farms. This population-based retrospective study highlights the extent to which adolescents in the lower Mississippi River Delta are exposed to pesticides and suggests targeted prevention strategies. Reports received from 1/1/2001 to 12/31/2002 by 9 poison centers serving 240 counties (8 states) were queried for cases implicating pesticides: 4,435 were abstracted (ages 4 months 95 years). Reports involving adolescents ages 10-19 were selected for study inclusion (n=159, 60% male). Exposure routes included ingestion (46.5%), inhalation (31.4%), dermal (22.6%), and ocular (8.2%). Exposure substances were 71% insecticides; 31.9% pyrethins/pyrethroids; 17% organophosphates. The majority required no healthcare facility involvement (64.8%). Of 49 cases utilizing healthcare facilities, 13.8% were treated/released and 4.4% required non-critical care unit admissions. There was 1 critical-care unit admission. Medical outcome effects were: 21.4% no effect; 31.4% minor; 7.5% moderate. One case had major medical effects. The most severe medical outcomes resulted from organophosphates. Exposure circumstances included pesticide-contaminated food ingestion; pet product contact; malfunctioning equipment; non-standard or look-alike containers; and re-entry, confined space, or drift factors. Using the Haddon matrix, this study illuminates exposure-incident variables and identifies those educational/behavioral interventions, policies, and engineering controls that are most likely to be effective in decreasing the number and severity of adolescent pesticide exposures. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Chemistry Education Hazardous Substances Hypersensitivity Insecticides Occupational Health Organophosphates Safety Safety Management
• Keywords:
  Chemical-hypersensitivity Chemical-properties Children Contaminated-food Exposure-levels Exposure-limits Health-hazards Health-protection Health-standards Injuries Organo-phosphorus-compounds Organo-phosphorus-pesticides Pesticides Pesticides-and-agricultural-chemicals Safety-education Safety-equipment Safety-measures Safety-practices Toxic-effects Toxic-gases Toxic-materials Toxic-vapors Traumatic-injuries

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• Publisher:
  American Public Health Association
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Proceedings
• Place as Subject:
  Kentucky ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20033898
• Citation:
  APHA 135th Annual Meeting and Exposition, Washington, DC, November 3-7, 2007. Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 2007 Nov; :158604
• Contact Point Address:
  P. A. Bryden, Health Promotion & Administration, Eastern Kentucky University, 420 Begley Building, 521 Lancaster Avenue, Richmond, KY 40475-3102
• Email:
  Phyllis.Bryden@eku.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2008
• NORA Priority Area:
  Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Kentucky
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20010930
• Source Full Name:
  APHA 135th Annual Meeting and Exposition, Washington, DC, November 3-7, 2007
• End Date:
  20270929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e3dc58cfa673270ae0037ae0e69b51b707e35e660932cb7ed353fa143ca80cc5d2992860cc7ad0a7fa081240e1134872600e49ca1d410baf42f02853266340db
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/189304/cdc_189304_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 837.34 KB ]