Lead-Related Nephrotoxicity: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ekong EB ; Jaar BG ; Weaver VM
• Description:
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major global public health concern. Efforts to prevent and/or slow progression of CKD are essential. Lead nephropathy, characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, is a well-known risk of chronic, high-level lead exposure. However, in recent years, lead exposure has declined sharply, particularly in developed countries. We reviewed epidemiologic research in general, occupational, and patient populations to assess whether lead, at current exposure levels, still contributes to nephrotoxicity. Other pertinent topics, such as risk in children, genetic susceptibility, and co-exposure to cadmium, are also considered. The data reviewed indicate that lead contributes to nephrotoxicity, even at blood lead levels below 5 microg/dl. This is particularly true in susceptible populations, such as those with hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and/or CKD. Low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for both lead exposure and diseases that increase susceptibility. Future public health risk for lead-related nephrotoxicity may be most significant in those rapidly developing countries where risk factors for CKD, including obesity and secondary HTN and diabetes mellitus, are increasing more rapidly than lead exposure is declining. Global efforts to reduce lead exposure remain important. Research is also needed to determine whether specific therapies, such as chelation, are beneficial in susceptible populations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Kidney Diseases Lead Lead Poisoning Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System

  More +
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Environmental-lead-exposure Chronic-exposure Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Humans Kidney-damage Kidney-disorders Kidney-function Kidneys Lead-absorption Lead-poisoning Nephrotoxicity Occupational-lead Exposure Renal-biomarkers

  More +
• ISSN:
  0085-2538
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  70
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20037539
• Citation:
  Kidney Int 2006 Dec; 70(12):2074-2084
• Contact Point Address:
  VM Weaver, Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Rm. 7041, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
• Email:
  vweaver@jhsph.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Kidney International
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3955d45b7cf258952ffc675505c38343bffefb76a9a7fff8f1e05e2a4d8f5ae17d71fc4c0b0c9a82f75d3f4426935dfc710792227fb78a12251b4cbeec2fa469
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188616/cdc_188616_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 133.10 KB ]