Outdoor, Indoor, and Personal Exposure to VOCs in Children

Details

• Personal Author:
  Adgate JL ; Church, Timothy R. ; Fredrickson AL ; Morandi MT ; Ramachandran G ; Ryan, Andrew D. ; Sexton K ; Stock TH
• Description:
  We measured volatile organic compound (VOC) exposures in multiple locations for a diverse population of children who attended two inner-city schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Fifteen common VOCs were measured at four locations: outdoors (O), indoors at school (S), indoors at home (H), and in personal samples (P). Concentrations of most VOCs followed the general pattern O S < P = H across the measured microenvironments. The S and O environments had the smallest and H the largest influence on personal exposure to most compounds. A time-weighted model of P exposure using all measured microenvironments and time-activity data provided little additional explanatory power beyond that provided by using the H measurement alone. Although H and P concentrations of most VOCs measured in this study were similar to or lower than levels measured in recent personal monitoring studies of adults and children in the United States, p-dichlorobenzene was the notable exception to this pattern, with upper-bound exposures more than 100 times greater than those found in other studies of children. Median and upper-bound H and P exposures were well above health benchmarks for several compounds, so outdoor measurements likely underestimate long-term health risks from children's exposure to these compounds. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aging Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution, Indoor Chemistry Demography Environmental Monitoring Hazardous Substances Hypersensitivity Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Surveys And Questionnaires

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• Keywords:
  Age-groups Air-contamination Airborne-particles Author Keywords: Air Pollution Biohazards Biological-effects Cell-biology Cellular-reactions Chemical-deposition Chemical-hypersensitivity Chemical-properties Chemical-reactions Children Demographic-characteristics Elementary School Children Ethnicity Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Health-hazards Health Risk Inhalation-studies Mathematical-models Medical-surveys Organic-chemicals Particle-aerodynamics Physiological-effects Physiological-function Physiological-measurements Physiological-response Pollutants Quantitative-analysis Questionnaires Race Risk-analysis Risk-factors SHIELD Study Statistical-analysis Surface-properties

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• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Minnesota ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  112
• Issue:
  14
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20037394
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2004 Oct; 112(14):1386-1392
• Contact Point Address:
  J.L. Adgate, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Room 1260 Mayo, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
• Email:
  jadgate@umn.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2005
• Performing Organization:
  University of Minnesota Twin Cities
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:68f68e29f4caf359d39be0d50baf053c471af33ceb19b8afd9a7a4923cc137eb659887cfdd8914f6b8e55a6470cfaa88478f6658721594e40b614f9a8c11ef76
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188493/cdc_188493_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 414.73 KB ]