Prevalence of Norovirus Among Visitors from the United States to Mexico and Guatemala Who Experience Traveler’s Diarrhea

Details

• Personal Author:
  Belkind-Gerson J ; Bourgeois AL ; Carpenter CM ; Chapin AR ; Dudley WC ; Gibson LC ; Gustafsson B ; Halpern JL ; Kärnell A ; Nyquist I ; Pratdesaba R ; Sanchez D ; Schwab KJ ; Torres O
• Description:
  Traveler's diarrhea (TD) is the most common infectious illness acquired by visitors to developing nations. The purpose of this study was to utilize molecular diagnostic techniques to determine the prevalence of norovirus (NoV) in TD occurring among visitors from the United States to Guatemala and Mexico. Stool samples (n = 54) were collected from 34 TD cases and analyzed for NoV by reverse transcription-PCR and oligoprobe confirmation. The overall prevalence of NoV was 65%. Interestingly, all NoV-positive stool samples were identified as genogroup I NoVs, and time spent at travel destinations was found to be an important factor in determining the frequency of infection (P = 0.003). Eleven NoV-positive stool samples also tested positive for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, indicating that dual infections with this leading bacterial cause of TD were very common. Results of this study suggest that NoV infection is a frequent occurrence among travelers to Mexico and Guatemala who experience episodes of TD. In addition, the simple molecular detection method utilized here will serve to facilitate more in-depth epidemiological studies of this emergent viral pathogen in travelers and other at-risk populations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Bacterial Infections Communicable Diseases Diagnosis Digestive System Digestive System Diseases Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Bacteria Bacterial-disease Bacterial-infections Diagnostic-techniques Diagnostic-tests Gastrointestinal-system Gastrointestinal-system-disorders Infectious-diseases
• ISSN:
  0095-1137
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  43
• Issue:
  3
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20037350
• Citation:
  J Clin Microbiol 2005 Mar; 43(3):1112-1117
• Contact Point Address:
  Kellogg J. Schwab, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Room E6620, Baltimore, MD 21205
• Email:
  kschwab@jhsph.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2005
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Clinical Microbiology
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:384f4c174df0d48ed1a302d9edd55ebc183e74f487a84de440d624c01e9c8539d3e9309fb2c9a591af9933393309465dafd33f5bf23e9283ab698c195aa9eddb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/188451/cdc_188451_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 101.36 KB ]