Nanoparticle Inhalation Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Subepicardial Arterioles

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Chen BT ; Cumpston JL ; Frazer D ; LeBlanc AJ ; Nurkiewicz TR
• Description:
  Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM, mean aerodynamic diameter < / = 2.5 µm) has been shown to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality and may contribute to acute coronary events such as myocardial infarction (MI). There is sufficient reason to believe that smaller particles, such as nanoparticles, might be even more detrimental than larger sized particles due to their increased surface area and higher pulmonary deposition. Our laboratory showed that nanoparticle inhalation impairs endothelium-dependent arteriolar vasodilation in skeletal muscle. However, it is not known whether coronary microvascular endothelial function is affected in a similar manner. Rats were exposed to filtered air (control) or TiO2 nanoparticles (primary particle diameter, approximately 21 nm) via inhalation at concentrations that produced measured depositions (10 µg) relevant to ambient air pollution. Subepicardial arterioles (approximately 150 µm in diameter) were isolated and responses to transmural pressure, flow-induced dilation (FID), acetylcholine (ACh), the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were assessed. Myogenic responsiveness was preserved between groups. In addition, there was no difference in the vasodilation to SNP, signifying that smooth muscle sensitivity to nitric oxide (NO) is unaffected by nano-TiO2 exposure. However, inhalation of nano-TiO2 produced an increase in spontaneous tone in coronary arterioles and also impaired endothelium-dependent FID. In addition, ACh-induced and A23187-induced vasodilation was also blunted in arterioles after inhalation of nano-TiO2. Data showed that nanoparticle exposure significantly impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in subepicardial arterioles. Such disturbances in coronary microvascular function are consistent with the cardiac events associated with particle pollution exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollutants, Occupational Blood Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Dust Environmental Monitoring Epidemiology Irritants Laboratories Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Aerosol-particles Air-sampling Airborne-dusts Airborne-particles Biological-effects Biological-function Biological-transport Blood-vessels Cardiac-function Cardiovascular-disease Cardiovascular-system-disease Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Myocardial-disorders Myocardium Nanotechnology Particulate-dust Respiratory-function-tests Respiratory-irritants Respiratory-system-disorders

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• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  72
• Issue:
  24
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20036049
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2009 Jan; 72(24):1576-1584
• Contact Point Address:
  T. R. Nurkiewicz, PhD, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, 1 Medical Center Drive, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9105, USA
• Email:
  tnurkiewicz@hsc.wvu.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7c8eb830819f2a944dde27f8346c514d2de5369f6ff58765d29c4e2ae636c82ae9362d3768bdd47337a9f9b020115617835b6e550b2cc7d7ea59c00331ba744d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187655/cdc_187655_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 575.84 KB ]