Cochlear Injuries Induced by the Combined Exposure to Noise and Styrene

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chen G-D ; Henderson D
• Description:
  Workers exposed to industrial solvents are also frequently exposed to mechanical noise. In this study, a combination of a continuous noise (100 dB SPL) and an impact noise (110 dB SPL) was used to mimic the noise exposure in the workplace. A noise band of 10-20 kHz was used to induce a cochlear injury in the same cochlear region in the rat as styrene exposure. Styrene levels of 300 and 400mg/kg were applied to induce outer hair cell (OHC) loss limited to the third row of the middle turn, but without significant cochlear functional loss. The combined exposures of the noise and styrene for 3 weeks caused greater threshold shifts than the noise alone, although the styrene alone did not induce significant threshold shift. Correspondingly, the combined exposures induced OHC losses that were greater than the summated OHC losses induced by the noise and styrene exposure alone. Apoptosis in Deiters cells was also examined after a short-term exposure (7 days) to a combined exposure of a high-level styrene (800 mg/kg) and the noise. The styrene-noise synergistic interaction was also observed in the Deiters cells. The synergistic interaction between the noise and styrene suggests that each of the exposures alone (noise or styrene) may cause stress, temporary alteration, or nonlethal injury in cochlear cells and the combined exposure strengthens the stress leading to cell death. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Environmental Monitoring Hearing Loss Hypersensitivity Laboratories Noise Noise, Occupational Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Risk Assessment Safety Solvents Styrene Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Auditory-system Author Keywords: Cochlear Injury Cell-biology Cell-damage Cell-function Cellular-function Cellular-reactions Chemical-hypersensitivity Dose-response Exposure-assessment Exposure-levels Exposure-methods Hearing-loss Laboratory-animals Laboratory-testing Noise-analysis Noise-exposure Noise-levels Noise-measurement Noise-pollution Noise And Chemical Interaction Noise Trauma Occupational-exposure Ototoxicity Risk-analysis Solvent-vapors Statistical-analysis Styrene Ototoxicity Styrenes Work-environment Work-performance Work-practices Workplace-monitoring Workplace-studies

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• ISSN:
  0378-5955
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  25-33
• Volume:
  254
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035920
• Citation:
  Hear Res 2009 Aug; 254(1-2):25-33
• Contact Point Address:
  Guang-Di Chen, Center for Hearing and Deafness, SUNY at Buffalo, 137 Cary Hall, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214
• Email:
  gchen7@buffalo.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Styrene (CAS RN 100-42-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• Performing Organization:
  State University of New York at Buffalo
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050501
• Source Full Name:
  Hearing Research
• End Date:
  20090430
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0f778b23bf2f4524a6f660f933a2735a6fe6dcb0a918ecceb5509d6f84257295f471366a305a9f5b12675e168154b2c44515079b70244d67c51b2b603bf597bb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187589/cdc_187589_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 663.80 KB ]