Dissolution and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation of Inhaled Cemented Tungsten Carbide Particles in Artificial Human Lung Fluids

Details

• Personal Author:
  Day, Gregory A. ; Hoover, Mark D. ; Leonard, Stephen S. ; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. ; Virji, M. Abbas
• Description:
  Inhalation of both cobalt (Co) and tungsten carbide (WC) particles is associated with development of hard metal lung disease (HMD) via generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas Co alone is sufficient to cause asthma via solubilization and hapten formation. We characterized bulk and aerodynamically size-separated W, WC, Co, spray dryer (pre-sintered), and chamfer grinder (post-sintered) powders. ROS generation was measured in the murine RAW 264.7 cell line using electron spin resonance. When dose was normalized to surface area, hydroxyl radical generation was independent of particle size, which suggests that particle surface chemistry may be an important exposure factor. Chamfer grinder particles generated the highest levels of ROS, consistent with the hypothesis that intimate contact of metals is important for ROS generation. In artificial extracellular lung fluid, alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (ABDC), added to prevent mold growth during experiments, did not influence dissolution of Co (44.0+/-5.2 vs. 48.3+/-6.4%); however, dissolution was higher (p<0.05) in the absence of phosphate (62.0+/-5.4 vs. 48.3+/-6.4%). In artificial macrophage phagolysosomal fluid, dissolution of Co (36.2+/-10.4%) does not appear to be influenced (p=0.30) by the absence of glycine (29.8+/-2.1%), phosphate (39.6+/-8.6%), or ABDC (44.0+/-10.5%). These results aid in assessing and understanding Co and W inhalation dosimetry. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biological Factors Chemistry Hazardous Substances Lung Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Safety

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• Keywords:
  Biohazards Biological-effects Biological-factors Breathing Chemical-properties Chemical-reactions Chronic-exposure Health-hazards Inhalation-studies Lung-disorders Particle-aerodynamics Particulate-dust Particulate-sampling-methods Pulmonary-system-disorders Risk-analysis Surface-properties

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• ISSN:
  1742-6596
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DRDS - Division of Respiratory Disease Studies ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  151
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035185
• Citation:
  J Phys: Conf Ser, Inhaled Particles X 2009 Mar; 151(1):012045
• Contact Point Address:
  A Stefaniak, Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  AStefaniak@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cobalt (CAS RN 7440-48-4) ; Tungsten (CAS RN 7440-33-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Inhaled Particles X, 23-25 September 2008, Sheffield, UK
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8476c82d5faf395259028af480075b311bd8dbf248c68d38d2966ea6b9e1c04a6f667eb4781f8bedda1628e681be263f97ac4f737ccaf1e04ef0f7d82ee5e5c7
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187119/cdc_187119_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 962.37 KB ]