Rat- and Human-Based Risk Estimates of Lung Cancer from Occupational Exposure to Poorly-Soluble Particles: A Quantitative Evaluation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Dankovic, David A. ; Kuempel, Eileen D. ; Smith RJ ; Stayner, Leslie T.
• Description:
  In risk assessment there is a need for quantitative evaluation of the capability of animal models to predict disease risks in humans. In this paper, we compare the rat- and human-based excess risk estimates for lung cancer from working lifetime exposures to inhaled poorly-soluble particles. The particles evaluated include those for which long-term dose-response data are available in both species, i.e., coal dust, carbon black, titanium dioxide, silica, and diesel exhaust particulate. The excess risk estimates derived from the rat data were generally lower than those derived from the human studies, and none of the rat- and human-based risk estimates were significantly different (all p-values>0.05). Residual uncertainty in whether the rat-based risk estimates would over- or under-predict the true excess risks of lung cancer from inhaled poorly-soluble particles in humans is due in part to the low power of the available human studies, limited particle size exposure data for humans, and ambiguity about the best animal models and extrapolation methods. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biological Factors Hazardous Substances Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Neoplasms Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Safety Vehicle Emissions

  More +
• Keywords:
  Biodynamics Biohazards Biological-effects Biological-factors Biological-transport Breathing Breathing-zone Cell-biology Cell-damage Cell-metabolism Cellular-reactions Chronic-exposure Diesel-emissions Dose-response Health-hazards Humans Inhalation-studies Laboratory-animals Lung-cancer Lung-disease Lung-disorders Mathematical-models Particle-aerodynamics Particulate-sampling-methods Pulmonary-cancer Pulmonary-congestion Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system-disorders Risk-analysis Statistical-analysis

  More +
• ISSN:
  1742-6596
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  EID - Education and Information Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  151
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20035183
• Citation:
  J Phys: Conf Ser, Inhaled Particles X 2009 Mar; 151(1):012011
• Contact Point Address:
  Eileen Kumpel, CDC, NIOSH, EID, Risk Evaluation Branch, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  ekuempel@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Carbon black (CAS RN 1333-86-4) ; Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9) ; Titania (CAS RN 13463-67-7)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2009
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Mining
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Inhaled Particles X, 23-25 September 2008, Sheffield, UK
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e901fa6731d72019977d3ec8a1bf12f99e629b402c87a5fc599b45cf2fbe188c15be76e3b773658880fe9849add541eecf502b2a39c84cac01df9b116a271f2d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/187117/cdc_187117_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 957.55 KB ]