Phospholipid Lung Surfactant and Nanoparticle Surface Toxicity: Lessons from Diesel Soots and Silicate Dusts

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chisholm WP ; Keane MJ ; Maynard AD ; Murray DK ; Ong TM ; Wallace WE
• Description:
  Because of their small size, the specific surface areas of nanoparticulate materials (NP), described as particles having at least one dimension smaller than 100 nm, can be large compared with micrometer-sized respirable particles. This high specific surface area or nanostructural surface properties may affect NP toxicity in comparison with micrometer-sized respirable particles of the same overall composition. Respirable particles depositing on the deep lung surfaces of the respiratory bronchioles or alveoli will contact pulmonary surfactants in the surface hypophase. Diesel exhaust ultrafine particles and respirable silicate micrometer-sized insoluble particles can adsorb components of that surfactant onto the particle surfaces, conditioning the particles surfaces and affecting their in vitro expression of cytotoxicity or genotoxicity. Those effects can be particle surface composition-specific. Effects of particle surface conditioning by a primary component of phospholipid pulmonary surfactant, diacyl phosphatidyl choline, are reviewed for in vitro expression of genotoxicity by diesel exhaust particles and of cytotoxicity by respirable quartz and aluminosilicate kaolin clay particles. Those effects suggest methods and cautions for assaying and interpreting NP properties and biological activities. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aluminum Silicates Cytotoxins Lipids Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Silicon Dioxide Surface-Active Agents Vehicle Emissions
• Keywords:
  Cytotoxic-effects Cytotoxicity Diesel-emissions Diesel-exhausts Genotoxic-effects Genotoxicity Nanotechnology Occupational-health Particulates Phospholipids Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiratory-system-disorders Silica-dusts Silicates Surfactants

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• ISBN:
  9781402058585
• Publisher:
  Springer
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Book
• Place as Subject:
  District of Columbia ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  23-38
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032628
• Citation:
  Nanotechnology and occupational health. Maynard AD, Pui DYH, eds. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer, 2007 Mar; :23-38
• Contact Point Address:
  W. E. Wallace, US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  wwallace@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Quartz (SiO2) (CAS RN 14808-60-7)
• Editor(s):
  Maynard AD; Pui DYH
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Nanotechnology and occupational health
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:adedd0f752ef5c3ff992ced8ff60df0fb1099fe0ea8f84f5dec325da648ef80671dd05648a3060732ad2fe80c9debd06dd98d20fbfeb3b4a09e3f836d472523b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186532/cdc_186532_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.43 MB ]