Pharmacokinetics of Sarafloxacin in Pigs and Broilers Following Intravenous, Intramuscular, and Oral Single-Dose Applications

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ding HZ ; Fung KF ; Qiao GL ; Zeng ZL
• Description:
  Pharmacokinetics of sarafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, was determined in pigs and broilers after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), or oral (p.o.) administration at a single dose of 5 (pigs) or 10 mg/kg (broilers). Plasma concentration profiles were analysed by a noncompartmental pharmacokinetic method. Following i.v., i.m. and p.o. doses, the elimination half-lives (t1/2 ) were 3.37 +/- 0.46, 4.66 +/- 1.34, 7.20 +/- 1.92 (pigs) and 2.53 +/- 0.82, 6.81 +/- 2.04, 3.89 +/- 1.19 h (broilers), respectively. After i.m. and p.o. doses, bioavailabilities (F) were 81.8 +/- 9.8 and 42.6 +/- 8.2% (pigs) and 72.1 +/- 8.1 and 59.6 +/- 13.8% (broilers), respectively. Steady-state distribution volumes (Vd(ss)) of 1.92 +/- 0.27 and 3.40 +/- 1.26 L/kg and total body clearances (ClB) of 0.51 +/- 0.03 and 1.20 +/- 0.20 L/kg/h were determined in pigs and broilers, respectively. Areas under the curve (AUC), mean residence times (MRT), and mean absorption times (MAT) were also determined. Sarafloxacin was demonstrated to be more rapidly absorbed, more extensively distributed, and more quickly eliminated in broilers than in pigs. Based on the single-dose pharmacokinetic parameters determined, multiple dosage regimens were recommended as: a dosage of 10 mg/kg given intramuscularly every 12 h in pigs, or administered orally every 8 h in broilers, can maintain effective plasma concentrations with bacteria infections, in which MIC90 are <0.25 microg/mL. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents Laboratories Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Animal-studies Antibiotics Bacteria Dose-response Laboratory-animals Veterinary-medicine
• ISSN:
  0140-7783
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  303-308
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20032209
• Citation:
  J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2001 Oct; 24(5):303-308
• Contact Point Address:
  G. L. Qiao, NIOSH/CDC, MS 3030, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  gqiao@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2002
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a647c2d49baecc21a2b709305d316c22a0616ec43b6c491c473d2af7c836b8b13daf8fa611016369f08388db07a6501e99fc9475543eeb3cd27107e05d0aa112
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186247/cdc_186247_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 151.53 KB ]