Effects of Concentrated Ambient Ultrafine/Fine Particles in Insulin-Resistant, Obese Rats

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chapman R ; Corson N ; Elder A ; Finkelstein J ; Frampton M ; Gelein R ; Mercer P ; Oberdörster G ; O'Callaghan J ; Rinderknecht A ; Simeonova P ; Stewart J ; Utell M
• Description:
  We hypothesize that inhaled ambient ultrafine (UF) particles can induce oxidative stress-related injury of target cells in the cardiovascular system, thus providing a plausible mechanism for adverse effects observed in sensitive populations. We measured pulmonary and cardiovascular endpoints related to inflammation and oxidative stress in a diabetic rat model after exposure to concentrated UF/fine particle- containing aerosols. The Harvard ultrafine concentrated ambient particle system (HUCAPS) was used to generate the aerosols (particle number concentration approximately 0.05-1.3 x 106/cm3; count median diameter approximately 75 nm) for acute exposures (4 hrs; 3 x 6 hrs). Obese, insulin-resistant homozygous male JCR:LA-cp rats (cp/cp; 13-15 months) as well as non-diabetic, lean heterozygous males (+/?; 5-13 months) were exposed to the HUCAP aerosols; controls were exposed to particle-filtered air. We collected blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and several tissues (lungs, heart, carotid arteries, aorta, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, brain) after exposure. JCR cp/cp rats had slightly higher total lung lavage cell numbers, more blood leukocytes and leukocyte aggregates, and less glial fibrillary acidic protein in brain. These parameters were not consistently affected by HUCAP exposure. Although lavage neutrophils remained unchanged, there was a trend towards elevated protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and â-glucuronidase in HUCAP-exposed rats that was independent of genotype or exposure duration. After 3 days of exposure, the amplification of aortic mitochondrial DNA (12 kb) was significantly decreased in HUCAP-exposed cp/cp rats as compared to +/? rats and air-exposed controls. These results show that small oxidant stress-related changes occur after acute exposure to real-world particles in an animal model relevant to the study of UF particle effects in humans. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution Air Pollution, Indoor Animals Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Environmental Monitoring Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety

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• Keywords:
  Air-contamination Air-monitoring Air-quality Alveolar-cells Animal-studies Biodynamics Cardiopulmonary-system-disorders Cardiovascular-system-disorders Laboratory-animals Lung-cells Lung-function Lung-irritants Models Nanotechnology Particle-aerodynamics Particulate-dust Particulates Pulmonary-disorders Pulmonary-function-tests Pulmonary-system-disorders

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  107
• Volume:
  96
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20031911
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2007 Mar; 96(1):107
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2007
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8f723eac6e04ef44fe5d3cbccc5950e7c1bcf8962589638effef5fa62d800b0b9f0c8105b25bb1f41bcd0e246820deeeccc8817ccb90c141344f8140e7ee6031
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/186022/cdc_186022_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 519.08 KB ]