Health hazards of tertiary amine catalysts.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Albrecht, William N. ; Stephenson, Richard L.
• Description:
  The health hazards of tertiary amine catalysts used in foundry and polyurethane foam manufacturing processes were reviewed and discussed. In foundries, tertiary amine catalysts have been used in the core making processes to increase the rate of reaction between phenolic resins and isocyanates. In polyurethane foam making processes, tertiary amine catalysts have been used to control the rate of reaction of polyfunctional isocyanates and hydroxyl containing polymers. Chemical parameters discussed included the basic and nucleophilic properties of the amines and their aqueous and lipid solubilities. General toxicological effects included corrosive action on the skin and mucous membranes and systemic complaints including headache, nausea, faintness, anxiety, tachycardia, itching, erythema, urticaria, and edema. Specific visual effects included corneal edema, misty vision, halo vision, and blue or grey vision with haziness. Experimental investigations have been conducted on mechanisms underlying the visual and systemic effects of tertiary amine exposure, included mydriasis and cylcoplegia due to effects on the innervation of the sphincter muscle of the iris, edema and rupture of the corneal epithelium, blockade of parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia, and histamine release. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Ethylamines Eye Diseases Metal Workers Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Plastics Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Blue Haze Clinical-symptoms Corneal Edema Cycloplegia Dimethylethylamine Eye-disorders Foundry-workers Halo Vision Histamine Mydriasis NIOSH-Author Occupational-exposure Plastics-industry Synthetic-materials Tertiary Amines Triethylamine Vision Disturbance

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• ISSN:
  0355-3140
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Hawaii ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  209-219
• Volume:
  14
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00182851
• Citation:
  Scand J Work Environ Health 1988 Aug; 14(4):209-219
• Contact Point Address:
  Mr RL Stephenson, Hazard Evaluation and Technical Assistance Branch, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1988
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0820e9eba06d527ccbacdfc60cc8315b3c8d15d77089e35a8253aef4858ec7eb6ecfd3875d5b0b46fd784d50e8ad0858ffbcde4b6442653072f21717a8f44927
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/185644/cdc_185644_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 7.20 MB ]