Indirect methods of assessing the effects of tobacco use in occupational studies.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Axelson O ; Steenland, Kyle ; Axelson O ; Steenland, Kyle
• Description:
  The relationship between smoking habits and occupational exposures was reviewed with regard to the effect of missing smoking information on occupational studies. A mathematical model for the assessment of the magnitude of confounding effects by smoking was described. The potential confounding effect of smoking determined by the model was relatively weak in relation to other occupational health factors. In general, the effects of not controlling for smoking were not significant unless the smoking habits of the base population were extreme. Methods of indirect control for smoking included analyzing other smoking related diseases in the study population, using an internal nonexposed cohort, using an adjustment factor based on hypothesized differences in smoking habits between the exposed and nonexposed groups, and a dose response analysis of the data. The effects of confounding due to smoking in case referent studies was discussed with regard to the representative nature of the referent population. A wide range of risk ratios attributable to sampling variation occasionally resulted in improper interpretation of the confounding variable, particularly in small reference populations. Other topics presented included the potential interactive effects of smoking and exposures (multiplicative versus additive models), the interpretation of studies lacking smoking data, and recommendations and needs for future methodologic research. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Epidemiology Irritants Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Smokers Tobacco Products Workplace
• Keywords:
  Analytical-models Author Keywords: Epidemiologic Studies Case-control Studies Cigarette-smoking Employee-exposure Methodology NIOSH-Author Occupational-exposure Occupational-health Respiratory-irritants Risk-factors Risk Model Smoking Worker-health Workplace-studies

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• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article ; Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies ; DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  105-118
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00177412
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 1988 Jan; 13(1):105-118
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Olav Axelson, Department of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital, S-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1988
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:852d3fbc04032ef29d1dd8e622f80e84b22d37399c3741c1f6e2d55bf82ed7c8cd669e85bed58b1803d5b2607516885ee6182a031a6f3d37562f88b06fea4f11
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/185457/cdc_185457_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 883.03 KB ]