Evaluation of the skin's role in natural rubber latex induced hypersensitivity.

Details

• Personal Author:
  Hayes BB ; Meade BJ ; Munson AE
• Description:
  Over the past decade, type I immediate hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex (NRL) has become a significant health problem in the United States. NRL is a complex, intracellular product of the laticiferous cells in the rubber tree Hevea brasi/iensis. Laticifers consist of 40-50% cytosol, 30-45% cis-polyisoprene polymers (rubber particles), 10-20% lutoid vesicles, 0.6% proteins, and the remainder being various minerals and ions. Although manufacturers attempt to remove them, proteins (5-100+ kDa) left in the finished latex product are responsible for the IgE-mediated cascade. Health care worker (HCW) exposure and sensitization to latex proteins are thought to occur mainly via inhalation and dermal exposure. Major efforts to reduce inhalation exposures are being implemented worldwide which would lessen the role of respiratory sensitization. The other route of latex sensitization is via percutaneous absorption, but it has been postulated that molecules greater than 1 kDa in size are unable to penetrate an intact skin barrier. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to evaluate the skin's role in NRL sensitization. Initial studies investigated the sensitization potential of non-ammoniated (NAL) latex proteins in the murine local lymph node assay and a draining lymph node phenotyping assay. Groups of female Balb/c mice were topically exposed to NAL for 4 consecutive days (days 1-4), radioassayed on day 5, and phenotyped on day 10. In these intact skin models, no immune response was demonstrated as evidenced by a lack of increase in lymph node proliferation or alterations in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, IgE+, or B220+ cells (as compared to controls). However, most conditions for HCW latex exposure involves irritated, abraded, and occluded skin conditions. Therefore, subsequent studies evaluated the potential for latex proteins to penetrate different skin conditions. Using in vitro diffusion models for intact, irritated, abraded, and occluded skin, penetration studies will measure the penetration of latex proteins through human and animal skin.
• Subjects:
  Accidents, Occupational Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution Air Pollution, Indoor Dust Environmental Monitoring Occupational Health Particulate Matter Preceptorship Safety Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Animals Dermal Exposures Exposure Levels Health Care Workers Health Effects Hypersensitivity Inhalation In Vitro Study Laboratory Animals Latex Latex Allergies Models Proteins Respiratory Function Respiratory Sensitizers Respiratory System Disorders Risk Factors Rubber Products Sensitization Skin Skin Exposure Skin Irritants

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• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  18
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20047943
• Citation:
  Proceedings of the 7th Joint Science Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health, October 26-27 1998, Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania. Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,1998 Oct; :18
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1999
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Proceedings of the 7th Joint Science Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health, October 26-27 1998, Hidden Valley, Pennsylvania
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:db45e788e54ca267dafd9e5595978cf6f04dc2863ad118cc0e132ae78239e3f5948340ed5d622ee95458196ae291c73d15a6519c2a9f5eab16cb0f4773803c44
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/181683/cdc_181683_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 40.37 KB ]